Billot, Ludovicus

Drawn from the authors' own words; every quotation links to its place.

Jesuit

Life

Born 12 January 1846, Sierck (Moselle); died 18 December 1931, Galloro, near Rome. [New Catholic Encyclopedia]

Ordained at Blois in 1869 and entered the Society of Jesus the same year. [New Catholic Encyclopedia]
Taught dogmatic theology at Angers (1879-1882), Jersey (1882-1885) and the Gregorian University (1885-1910); consultor of the Holy Office 1910; cardinal 1911. [New Catholic Encyclopedia]
A leading Thomist of the revival under Leo XIII (De Verbo incarnato 1892, De Ecclesiae sacramentis 1894-1895, De virtutibus infusis 1901, De Ecclesia Christi 1898-1910); a strong opponent of Modernism, whose language passed into Pascendi. [New Catholic Encyclopedia]
After Pius XI condemned the Action Française in 1927, Billot, who had favoured it, gave up the cardinalate and lived his last years at the Jesuit novitiate at Galloro. [New Catholic Encyclopedia]

Sources: New Catholic Encyclopedia (2nd ed., 2003), as published on Encyclopedia.com. Each fact names where it was read; the links go to the page or entry itself.

In Prümmer's Catalogue and Haringer's Index

“Billot, Ludovicus, S.J., wrote subtle dissertations on almost all theology. For moral theology, his three treatises are most worthy of mention, namely De sacramentis, De natura et ratione peccati personalis sive Introductio ad tractatum de poenitentia, and De virtutibus infusis.” — Prümmer, Catalogue of authors

Works Our Authors Used

Billot, S.J., De Ecclesiae Sacramentis, Rome, 1895. — Tanquerey's list
Billot, S.J., Disquisitio de natura et ratione peccati, 3rd ed., Rome, 1900; De virtutibus infusis, Rome, 1901. — Tanquerey's list

No article in the Catholic Encyclopedia (1913).