Confession by signs, writing, letter or telephone

Oral confession as the rule; mutes and the dying confessing by signs; written confession; confession and absolution by letter, messenger, or telephone.

The works themselves ask 4 questions under this heading — see them together with their answers.

Also asked about as…

confession by phone · confession online (ed.)

In the index as Confession · Absolution · Deaf-mute · Letter or messenger, confession by · Mutes, confession by · Street confessions · Telephone, confession or absolution by

In the manuals

Read the manuals side by side → — each work's whole treatment in its own column

A Manual of Moral Theology for English-Speaking Countries

Thomas Slater, S.J.

Vol. II, Bk. VI, Chapter IV. Confession, n. 2 — This confession must be made by word of mouth according to the practice of the Church and the teaching of the Council of Florence. However, oral confession is not absolutely necessary for the validity of the sacrament, f… Read in context →

Pastoral Questions

Benedict H. Merkelbach, O.P. — 18 passages

Ch. III, Question III: Concerning the Requisites for the Validity and Liceity of the Form of Absolution, nn. ¶3494, ¶3495, ¶3496, ¶3497, ¶3498, ¶3502, ¶3503, ¶3504, ¶3505, ¶3506, ¶3507, ¶3508, ¶3509, ¶3510, ¶3511, ¶3512, ¶3513 & ¶3514 (18 passages — hover a number to read it)

Summa Theologiae Moralis

Benedict Henry Merkelbach, O.P. — 21 passages

Vol. III, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On Penance, Third Part: On the Parts o…, Ch. II, Question Two: On the Essence of Confession, nn. ¶1, 514, 515 & 516 (12 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On Penance, Third Part: On the Parts o…, Ch. II, Question Three: On the End…, Article I: On the Necessity of Vocal Confession, nn. ¶1, 518, 519 & 520 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)

The Casuist: A Collection of Cases in Moral and Pastoral Theology

Various; ed. S. Woywod, O.F.M., and J. A. McHugh, O.P. — 27 passages

Vol. I, Case XXIV: Confession by Telephone?, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9, ¶10, ¶11 & ¶12 (12 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, Case XL: Regarding the Confession of a Person Hard of Hearing, nn. ¶1, ¶2 & ¶3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. IV, Case LII: Hearing Confessions in Foreign Languages, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8 & ¶9 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. V, Case LXXIV: Street Confessions, nn. ¶1, ¶2 & ¶3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)

Treated under the broader heading Confession — Noldin, Summa of Moral Theology · Wouters, Manual of Moral Theology · McHugh–Callan, Moral Theology · Bucceroni, Institutions of Moral Theology · Bucceroni, Moral Enchiridion (4th ed., 1905) · Bucceroni, Cases of Conscience · Gury-Ballerini, Compendium of Moral Theology (8th ed., 1884) · Tanquerey · Koch–Preuss · Prümmer, Manuale Theologiae Moralis · Marc, Institutiones Morales · Konings, Theologia Moralis · Concina, Compendium · Slater, Cases II and 4 more — these works do not divide the matter as finely as we do here, so their treatment stands one heading up (ed.)