Moral Theology: Its Method and Masters
Leander a SS. Sacramento
Drawn from the authors' own words; every quotation links to its place.
Trinitarian · 1591–1663
In the Index: Leander of the Most Holy Sacrament
Dates differ: Prümmer 1591–1663; Haringer ?–1667.
Life
Born Villafranca, Navarre (about 1591); died 30 August 1663, aged 72. [Hurter, vol. III, col. 1189]
- Discalced (Reformed) Trinitarian, professor of theology at the University of Alcalá. [Hurter, vol. III, col. 1189]
- Published Quaestiones morales theologicae on the seven sacraments (Madrid, 1654, 2 vols.; 1664), on the five precepts of the Church (1649), on censures (Alcalá and Lyons, 1664), on impediments or ecclesiastical penalties (1664), and on the Decalogue (Lyons, 1662-1669). [Hurter, vol. III, col. 1189]
- Praised for clarity, order and the weight of his reasons; his works were abridged by Gregorius Salmanticensis (Lyons, 1672) and by Emmanuel a Conceptione and Joannes de Thollenda (Barcelona, 1680). [Hurter, vol. III, col. 1189]
- Hurter's judgment: in moral matters 'an author too benign' (auctor nimis benignus). [Hurter, vol. III, col. 1189]
Sources: H. Hurter, S.J., Nomenclator literarius theologiae catholicae, 3rd ed. (Innsbruck, 1903-1913), read on archive.org. Each fact names where it was read; the links go to the page or entry itself.
In Prümmer's Catalogue and Haringer's Index
- “Leander a SS. Sacramento, O.SS.Trinit., Spanish (1591-1663), is an excessively benign author in moral matters. He wrote Quaestiones morales theol., distributed into 8 parts, which, collected together after his death, appeared at Lyons 1669 sqq., 8 folio volumes.” — Prümmer, Catalogue of authors
- “Leander a SS. Sacramento, French, of the Order of the Most Holy Trinity, an author too benign (Summa of Nine Parts), died 1667.” — Haringer's index of writers (Gury-Ballerini) (p. XXI, sign read on the page)
His Moral System, as Our Authors Report It
Every report quoted in the author's own words and linked to its place; point at a name to see his words. Haringer's signs give St. Alphonsus's judgment as Haringer found it in St. Alphonsus's works (his notice, Gury-Ballerini, 1884, p. XI); a sign on a writer the 1884 editor added to the list is the editor's own, and is said to be his.
| Charged with laxity | |
|---|---|
| Counted among them by 3 of our authors | Noldin, Summa I, n. 232s; Tanquerey, Fundamental Moral Theology, n. 398; Merkelbach, Summa II, excursus on the moral systems |
| “Chapter II — A census of propositions which seem lax, culled from the Casuists … V. "Does the precept of faith of itself oblige to an act of belief once in each year? ... I answer, certainly as more probable, that it does not oblige: because there is nothing from which such an obligation may be gathered."”Concina's censuses of lax opinions list 13 of his opinions and names him in 4 more as teaching or approving one (the first is quoted; every one is under 'Where Our Authors Discuss Him') | Concina, Compendium I, bk. III, diss. I, ch. II, n. V |
| Too benign in his opinions | |
| “is an excessively benign author in moral matters”Prümmer: excessively benign | Prümmer, Catalogue of authors |
| “an author too benign”Haringer names him specially, as his notice does the milder authors: an author too benign | Haringer's index, Index of writers, p. XXI |
Where Our Authors Discuss Him
Each read in its full passage; the words quoted are the author's own. Where several authors say the same thing, one is quoted and the others follow “in nearly the same words”; point at a name to see his words.
| “Chapter II — A census of propositions which seem lax, culled from the Casuists … VI. "I answer as more probable that this divine precept in no way obliges of itself, or by force of the precept itself, to eliciting acts of faith in the article of death: because neither reason nor any text compels one to assert the opposite."”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on faith) | Concina, Compendium I, bk. III, diss. I, ch. II, n. VI |
| “Chapter II — Lax propositions of certain Authors … V. Leander of the Most Holy Sacrament, treatise 8, disputation 5, question 37: "I answer, secondly, that it is also more probable that even the daily Preacher, who preaches daily in Lent only voluntarily, or even for a wage, is excused from saying the daily Hours, if he cannot conveniently recite them.”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on prayer and the divine office) | Concina, Compendium I, bk. III, diss. VI, ch. II, n. V |
| “Chapter II — Lax propositions of certain Authors … VI. The same Leander, place cited, question 45: "One can excellently exercise and occupy himself in the contemplation of divine things, even if from it he be so carried away into ecstasy that afterward he can by no means recite — either because he is rapt for the whole day, or because from it he remains so fatigued and worn out that he cannot easily do so."”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on prayer and the divine office) | Concina, Compendium I, bk. III, diss. VI, ch. II, n. VI |
| “Chapter I — The condemned and lax propositions are recounted … III. "Whether a vow of chastity, or of Religion, or of not marrying, hidden from the one to whom marriage was promised, on account of incontinence, is valid, and impedes marriage from being licitly entered upon?”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on vows) | Concina, Compendium I, bk. III, diss. IX, ch. I, n. III |
| “Chapter I — The condemned and lax propositions are recounted … V. "A vow made in thanksgiving for a shameful act already done is valid." Leander, treatise 2 on the vow, disputation 4, question 31, page 341, from Filliucci, treatise 26 on the vow, chapter 2, question 6, number 54.”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on vows) | Concina, Compendium I, bk. III, diss. IX, ch. I, n. V |
| “Chapter II — The lax propositions of the casuists … IV. Fr. Jerome Llamas in his Method, part 1, chapter 1, § 5, and part 2, chapter 2, § 11, in Leander of the Most Holy Sacrament, part 1, tract 1, disputation 6, question 8: “For the administering of other sacraments, nay even of the sacred Eucharist to be given to others, we do not believe that the precept of contrition obliges: because he who administers a sacrament in mortal sin does not place an obstacle to grace … therefore it is not a new fault, since he who gives the sacrament is not the one receiving it.””Concina names him in the same number as teaching or approving the lax opinion (on the sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist and the Mass) | Concina, Compendium II, bk. X, diss. I, ch. II, n. IV |
| “Chapter II — The lax propositions of the casuists … XVII. Fr. Leander, tract 7, disputation 9, question 6: “But I answer with a distinction. For if a particle (in the words of consecration) be omitted out of formal contempt, it will be mortal to omit it: because contempt formally is to set oneself directly against a superior's precept, which is mortal.”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on the sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist and the Mass) | Concina, Compendium II, bk. X, diss. I, ch. II, n. XVII |
| “Chapter II — The lax propositions of the casuists … XVIII. The same in the place cited, disputation 7, question 6: “In the case in which a husband should threaten death to his wife unless she communicate, that thus he might cast off a suspicion against her: then indeed she will be very well able to simulate that she receives the Eucharist, just as she can simulate that she confesses sacramentally, since in that case she can very well without the crime of lying use equivocation: therefore the priest also can simulate that he puts the host into her mouth.””Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on the sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist and the Mass) | Concina, Compendium II, bk. X, diss. I, ch. II, n. XVIII |
| “Chapter II — The lax propositions of the casuists … XXIII. Fr. Leander, tract 7, disputation 7, question 30: “Whether a priest who in the very action of sacrificing recalls a mortal sin, or perhaps commits it, is bound afterwards by force of the said precept to confess as soon as possible?”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on the sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist and the Mass) | Concina, Compendium II, bk. X, diss. I, ch. II, n. XXIII |
| “Chapter II — The lax propositions of the casuists … XXIV. The same Leander in the same place, question 32: “If a priest is poor, and lives on the accustomed alms of the Mass, there is truly found in him a bodily necessity, which is sufficient for celebrating without previous confession.””Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on the sacraments: baptism, confirmation, the Eucharist and the Mass) | Concina, Compendium II, bk. X, diss. I, ch. II, n. XXIV |
| “Chapter II — A review of condemned opinions, and of the laxer views of certain recent authors … III. "Is a vow of chastity, of the religious life, or of not marrying, made by one for whom marriage would be more salutary on account of incontinence, valid, and does it prevent marriage from being lawfully contracted?”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on vows) | Concina, Theologia IV, diss. I, ch. II, n. III |
| “Chapter II — A review of condemned opinions, and of the laxer views of certain recent authors … V. "A vow to perform an act of thanksgiving for a shameful deed already done is valid." Leander (tract. 2, on vows, disp. 4, q. 31, p. 341), from Filliucci (tract. 26, on vows, ch. 2, q. 6, n. 54).”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on vows) | Concina, Theologia IV, diss. I, ch. II, n. V |
| “Chapter IV — Lax, or improbable, propositions are reviewed, which not a few Casuists teach … III. "For the truth of an assertory oath, it is required, and it suffices, that the swearer prudently judge the matter to be so, and be led not by a light conjecture, but by a certain, or verisimilar, and probable one..."”Concina lists among the lax opinions of the casuists (on the oath) | Concina, Theologia V, diss. I, ch. IV, n. III |
| “Chapter IV — Lax, or improbable, propositions are reviewed, which not a few Casuists teach … VII. "Merchants who cannot obtain a just price from buyers, unless they swear that their goods stand them at such-and-such a price, when in fact this is not so, can indeed swear that the goods stand them at such-and-such a price, understanding, with all expenses computed, or reckoning in the goods which they have at home, or which they bought elsewhere."”Concina names him in the same number as teaching or approving the lax opinion (on the oath) | Concina, Theologia V, diss. I, ch. IV, n. VII |
| “Chapter IV — Lax, or improbable, propositions are reviewed, which not a few Casuists teach … VIII. "The same must be said of buyers, who, so as not to be compelled to buy goods from merchants above the just price, affirm under oath that they bought the goods elsewhere at a lower price, or that they are offered to them at a lower price, so that the sellers may descend to a just, or the lowest, price — understanding, however, in mind, goods bought at a different time for a lower price within the just price."”Concina names him in the same number as teaching or approving the lax opinion (on the oath) | Concina, Theologia V, diss. I, ch. IV, n. VIII |
| “Chapter IV — Lax, or improbable, propositions are reviewed, which not a few Casuists teach … IX. "Even if the one asking wished to exclude every equivocation, and required an oath about the fact done, beyond an oath about the accusation, and demanded an oath to speak the truth sincerely without any equivocation, you can still swear an amphibological oath, with a mental restriction made — since you can understand that you will swear without equivocation, without your being able to have any restriction in mind.”Concina names him in the same number as teaching or approving the lax opinion (on the oath) | Concina, Theologia V, diss. I, ch. IV, n. IX |
| “it is not surprising that Leander dared to transcribe, from Filliucci”Concina: he copied from Filliucci that a vow of thanksgiving for a shameful deed is valid | Concina, Theologia IV, diss. I, ch. VI, n. XXVI |
No article in the Catholic Encyclopedia (1913).