A Capital Vice

Envy

St. Thomas treats it at II-II, q. 36. See also every passage on the topic page.

How the Authors Compare

St. Thomas, Prümmer, Merkelbach, Noldin, Wouters and McHugh-Callan give the same five daughters. Marc and Vermeersch give four, without affliction at prosperity (n. 369; n. 474). Sabetti-Barrett names “detraction, calumny, whispering, contumely, etc.” (n. 143). Bontempi, after St. Bonaventure, names many more (n. 9).
All also allow that it can be venial: St. Thomas in its imperfect movements (II-II, q. 36, a. 3), Merkelbach and Noldin from lightness of matter (n. 952; n. 338). Prümmer and Wouters go further. Prümmer: “In practice envy by itself alone is rarely a mortal sin” (n. 422). Wouters: “more often it is venial” (n. 314). Billuart, with St. Thomas: venial “both from indeliberation of act, and from lightness of matter, as if it be about some slight good of the neighbor” (On hatred of God and of the neighbor;…, n. 10).
The word “zeal” is used two ways. Prümmer says envy “sometimes is also called livor, zeal, jealousy” (n. 421), while St. Thomas and the rest set zeal apart from envy as the sorrow of lacking the good oneself.
Whether sorrow at another's good as lessening one's own is a sin at all. St. Thomas, Marc and Billuart define envy by exactly that sorrow. Concina records among the lax opinions Tamburini's, that when one grieves for another's good “as immediately causing my own evil, there will be no fault”, and that St. Thomas and the other Doctors “ARE TO BE UNDERSTOOD to have described envy from its effect” (XII, diss. I, ch. I, n. XLV, XII, diss. I, ch. I, n. XLVI).

What It Is

Each line is one thing said. Authors named first use those words. Those after “in nearly the same words” say the same thing differently; point at a name to see their words.

“sadness concerning another's good, insofar as that is diminutive of one's own excellence”	Marc n. 368In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 1; Prümmer n. 421; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 313; McHugh-Callan n. 1328; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi On envy, Q. I, n. 2; Billuart On hatred of God and of the neighbor;…, n. 9
Merkelbach adds that the sadness is inordinate: “inordinate sadness concerning another's good”	Merkelbach I, n. 507
Sabetti-Barrett widens it: “or at least as one's lesser good”	Sabetti-Barrett n. 143
Joy at another's evil belongs with it: “To it is reduced joy concerning the evil of another”	Sabetti-Barrett n. 143In nearly the same words: Marc n. 368
Or is a result of it: “is not directly the same as envy, but is a result thereof”	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 3In nearly the same words: Prümmer n. 423; McHugh-Callan n. 1342

What It Is Not

Fear of harm from another's good: “such like sorrow is not envy, but rather an effect of fear”	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 1In nearly the same words: Prümmer n. 421; Merkelbach I, n. 951; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 313; McHugh-Callan n. 1331; Marc n. 369; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi On envy, Q. I, n. 5
Grief at lacking the good oneself: “this is zeal or emulation”	Merkelbach I, n. 951In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 2; Prümmer n. 421; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 313; McHugh-Callan n. 1331; Marc n. 369; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi On envy, Q. I, n. 6
Grief that the other is unworthy: “this sadness is called nemesis or indignation”	Merkelbach I, n. 951In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 2; Prümmer n. 421; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 313; McHugh-Callan n. 1331; Marc n. 369; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi On envy, Q. I, n. 7
St. Thomas adds of that indignation, as to temporal goods: “Wherefore sorrow of this kind is forbidden in Holy Writ”	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 2
Grief at the good simply because it is the other's: “not envy, but hatred of neighbor”	Prümmer n. 421In nearly the same words: Merkelbach I, n. 951; Noldin n. 338; McHugh-Callan n. 1328; Marc n. 369

The Opposed Virtue

“charity rejoices in our neighbor's good, while envy grieves over it”	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 3In nearly the same words: Merkelbach I, n. 952; Noldin n. 338; Marc n. 368; Vermeersch n. 474; Prümmer n. 422; Wouters n. 314; McHugh-Callan n. 1338; Bontempi Disputation XIII: On Envy, n. 1; Sabetti-Barrett n. 143
And to mercy: “Envy is directly contrary to mercy”	McHugh-Callan n. 1338In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 3, ad 3; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 6

See Charity, and what the capital vices feed.

Its Gravity

“Envy is a mortal sin from its genus”	Merkelbach I, n. 952; Wouters n. 314In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 3; Prümmer n. 422; Noldin n. 338; McHugh-Callan n. 1338; Marc n. 368; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 2; Billuart On hatred of God and of the neighbor;…, n. 10
Sabetti-Barrett qualifies this: “although not from its whole genus”	Sabetti-Barrett n. 143
It can be venial from small matter: “Nevertheless it admits smallness of matter”	Noldin n. 338In nearly the same words: Merkelbach I, n. 952; Wouters n. 314; Marc n. 368; Vermeersch n. 474; McHugh-Callan n. 1340; Prümmer n. 422; Billuart On hatred of God and of the neighbor;…, n. 10
Or from an imperfect act: “certain first movements, which are venial sins”	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 3In nearly the same words: Merkelbach I, n. 952; Marc n. 368; Vermeersch n. 474; McHugh-Callan n. 1340; Prümmer n. 422; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 6
How often: “In practice envy by itself alone is rarely a mortal sin”	Prümmer n. 422In nearly the same words: Wouters n. 314; Marc n. 368
The gravest kind, a sin against the Holy Ghost: “envy of another's spiritual good”	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 2In nearly the same words: Prümmer n. 422; Noldin n. 338; McHugh-Callan n. 1344

The Daughters of Envy

The headings are St. Thomas's.

By way of beginning
whispering	Prümmer n. 423; Merkelbach I, n. 508; Wouters n. 315; McHugh-Callan n. 1342; Marc n. 369; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 7; Sabetti-Barrett n. 143In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 3; Noldin n. 338
detraction	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 3; Prümmer n. 423; Merkelbach I, n. 508; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 315; McHugh-Callan n. 1342; Marc n. 369; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 7; Sabetti-Barrett n. 143
By way of middle
exultation in adversities	Merkelbach I, n. 508; Noldin n. 338In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 3; Prümmer n. 423; Wouters n. 315; McHugh-Callan n. 1342; Marc n. 369; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 7
affliction in prosperities	Merkelbach I, n. 508In nearly the same words: St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 3; Prümmer n. 423; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 315; McHugh-Callan n. 1342; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 7
By way of term
hatred	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36, a. 4, ad 3; Prümmer n. 421; Noldin n. 338; Wouters n. 315; McHugh-Callan n. 1342; Marc n. 367; Vermeersch n. 474; Bontempi Question II: How perverse envy is, n. 7In nearly the same words: Merkelbach I, n. 508
Others also named
calumny, contumely	Sabetti-Barrett n. 143
machination, scandal, snares, betrayal, suspicion, perverse judgment, the sowing of discord, rancor	Bontempi On how perverse envy is, n. 9; Bontempi n. 10; Bontempi n. 14

The Remedies

The fuller lists are the manuals'. Where an author has no list, the entries are what that author says in passing, gathered from wherever it is said.

“the exercise of charity toward the neighbor”	Marc n. 369; Merkelbach Pastoral, Q. VIIn nearly the same words: Prümmer n. 424; Wouters n. 316; McHugh-Callan n. 1346
“The exercise of humility”	Prümmer n. 424In nearly the same words: Wouters n. 316; McHugh-Callan n. 1346
“Consideration of the evils which are wont to arise from envy”	Prümmer n. 424In nearly the same words: McHugh-Callan n. 1345; Merkelbach Pastoral, Q. VI
“Envy is useless, since it does not obtain that on which one’s heart is set”	McHugh-Callan n. 1345
“a right estimation of goods”	Merkelbach Pastoral, Q. VIIn nearly the same words: Wouters n. 316
“Consider that one's neighbor is a son of God and your brother in Christ”	Wouters n. 316In nearly the same words: Merkelbach Pastoral, Q. VI
“emulation of what is best in others”	McHugh-Callan n. 1346
We conquer temptations: “to envy by rejoicing at the good of others”	St. Alphonsus True Spouse, ch. XIII

Where Each Author Treats It

Under charity, against its joy	St. Thomas II-II, q. 36; Merkelbach nn. 951-953
Among the capital sins, in the treatise on sins	Prümmer nn. 421-424; Merkelbach nn. 507-508; Noldin n. 338; Wouters nn. 313-316; Marc nn. 368-369; Vermeersch n. 474; Sabetti-Barrett n. 143
In a section or question of its own	McHugh-Callan nn. 1328-1346; Bontempi On envy