The Nature of Baptism

Summa of Moral Theology (Summa Theologiae Moralis)

Hieronymus Noldin, S.J. — 3 passages

Vol. III, Book Second. On Baptism, Question First. On the Nature of Baptism, nn. 55, 56 & 57 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)

A Manual of Moral Theology for English-Speaking Countries

Thomas Slater, S.J. — 9 passages

Vol. II, Bk. III, Chapter I. The Nature of Baptism, nn. 1 & 2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Chapter II. The Matter and Form of Baptism, n. 1 — THE remote and valid matter of Baptism is natural water in a suitable state for washing one’s self. It is quite immaterial whether the water be spring water, rain water, sea water, or water from a river or pond; but froz… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Chapter III. The Minister of Baptism, nn. 1 & 3 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Chapter IV. The Sponsors, n. 1 — SPONSORS, according to ecclesiastical law, are used in solemn Baptism to answer for the child baptized, to hold him during Baptism, or to receive him immediately after Baptism from the hands of the minister, and to act a… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Chapter V. Who May be Baptized, nn. 2, 3 & 4 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)

Manual of Moral Theology (Manuale Theologiae Moralis)

Ludovicus Wouters, C.SS.R. — 33 passages

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Dissertation I. On Baptism Considered in Itself, n. 50 — Baptism is a sacrament by which man is spiritually regenerated through the washing of the body with water, done by another, under the express invocation of the individual Persons of the Most Holy Trinity. With this summa… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Part I. On the Existence of the Sacrament of Baptism, n. 51 — Baptism is a true sacrament of the New Law. This is of faith from the Council of Trent, and it is clear from Sacred Scripture, which openly teaches that Baptism is a sensible sign instituted by Christ and efficacious of … Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. II, Section I. On Remote Matter, nn. 52 & 53 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. II, Section II. On Proximate Matter, nn. 54 & 55 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. II, Section III. On the Form, nn. 56, 57 & 58 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Part III. On the Effects of Baptism, n. 61 — The effects of Baptism are: I. Sanctifying grace, of itself first grace, accidentally second grace (n. 6), with the infusion of all the virtues and gifts of the Holy Spirit attached. II. Sacramental grace; this consists … Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. IV, Section I. On Necessity of Means, n. 62 — After the sufficient promulgation of the Gospel, the sacrament of Baptism is necessary for salvation by necessity of means, yet not absolutely but hypothetically. It is said: I. After the sufficient promulgation of the G… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. IV, Sect. I, Scholion I. On Baptism of Desire, n. 63 — I. Notion. Baptism of desire is so called because it is the effect of the Holy Spirit, who is also called Flamen (from breathing or inspiring). Now Baptism of desire is an act of perfect charity or perfect contrition.Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. IV, Sect. I, Scholion II. On Baptism of Blood, n. 68 — I. Notion. Baptism of blood is martyrdom endured by one not baptized.Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. IV, Section II. On Necessity of Precept, n. 73 — The necessity of precept already follows from the necessity of means. Moreover: I. Adults not yet baptized, or doubtfully baptized, are bound to receive Baptism as soon as they can receive it worthily and, considering th… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. II, Part I. On the Person Ministering, n. 74 — I. Every priest is the ordinary minister of solemn Baptism in this sense, that by the force of his ordination he is deputed principally, not secondarily as a deacon is, for baptizing, and can always be delegated by the p… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. II, Section I. On the Rites and Ceremonies of Baptism, n. 79 — I. The rites and ceremonies to be used. 1. Per se Baptism is to be conferred solemnly (canon 755, § 1), that is, with all the rites and ceremonies which are prescribed in the ritual books being observed (canon 737, § 2).… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. II, Section II. On Sponsors, n. 82 — I. Notion. Sponsors, or receivers, are those who lift the baptized person from the sacred font or receive him from the minister of Baptism. St. Thomas sets forth the reason for this institution in these words: "Spiritual… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. II, Section III. On the Time and Place of Conferring Baptism, nn. 87 & 88 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. II, Section IV. On the Notation and Proof of Baptism Conferred, nn. 89 & 90 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section I. On Infants, n. 91 — Preliminary Note. When Baptism is in question, under the name of little children or infants, according to the norm of canon 88, § 3, come those who have not yet attained the use of reason, and to these are reckoned the i… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section II. On Abortive Fetuses, n. 92 — I. Every abortive fetus brought forth at any time must be baptized, unless it is wholly certain that he is dead (cf. canon 747). The reason is that in the case it is at least somewhat probable that a wayfaring human bein… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section III. On Fetuses Not Yet Brought Forth, n. 93 — No one enclosed in the womb of the mother is to be baptized until there is probable hope that, duly brought forth, he can be baptized (canon 746, § 1). Therefore a fetus not yet duly brought forth cannot be baptized unle… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section IV. On Monsters, n. 98 — I. Monsters and prodigies are always to be baptized at least conditionally (canon 748). Namely, if the monster has a head and breast, or at least a head, even if beast-like, it is certainly a human being; since it cannot… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section V. On Infants of Non-Catholics, nn. 99 & 100 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section VI. On Adults, nn. 101 & 102 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Section VII. On the Insane and the Furious, n. 103 — I. The insane and the furious who are such from birth, or at least before attaining the use of reason, are to be baptized, even against the will of their parents insofar as prudence permits it (cf. canon 754, § 1; n. 99)… Read in context →

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Pt. I, Sect. VII, Scholion. On the Doubtfully Baptized, nn. 104 & 105 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Bk. III, Tr. II, Diss. III, Part II. On the Manner of Receiving Baptism, n. 106 — I. Faith. This is clear from these words of Christ in Mark 16:16: "He who believes and has been baptized will be saved." Now explicit faith is required in those things which certainly or probably must be believed by nece… Read in context →

Moral Theology: A Complete Course (McHugh & Callan)

John A. McHugh, O.P., and Charles J. Callan, O.P. — 10 passages

Vol. I, Pt. II, Q. I, Art. 1. The Virtue of Faith, The Acts of Faith, n. 791 — Since Baptism is fruitless without due faith in the recipient, it is not lawful as a rule to baptize those who lack substantial knowledge of the four mysteries just mentioned. (a) Outside of danger of death, it is never … Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. III, Art. 2. Duties of Members …, Taxes, n. 2637 — Taxes. Taxes.—Citizens owe the government particularly the tribute of taxation, and in war that of military service. Taxes are contributions exacted by the public authority from subjects for the purpose of defraying public expe… Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmat…, The Sacrament of Baptism, n. 2686 — The Sacrament of Baptism. The Sacrament of Baptism.—The first and most essential Sacrament is Baptism (Greek, washing), which may be defined: “The Sacrament of regeneration by water in the word” (Catechism of the Council of Trent, page 163). The … Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmat…, Solemn and Private Baptism, n. 2687 — Solemn and Private Baptism. Solemn and Private Baptism.—Though in essentials Baptism is but one, it is distinguished in reference to accidental ceremony into solemn and private. (a) Solemn Baptism is that which is administered with all the rites pr… Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmation; the Eucharist; the Sacrifice of the Mass, n. 2688 — Duties of Parish-Priests as to Baptism. Duties of Parish-Priests as to Baptism.—(a) Before Baptism.—Baptismal water should be blessed, added to or renewed, as the ritual regulations of one’s place require; the faithful should be frequently admonished in sermon… Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmat…, Duties of Parents and Guardians, n. 2689 — Duties of Parents and Guardians in Reference to Baptism. Duties of Parents and Guardians in Reference to Baptism.—(a) As to Administration of Baptism.—Parents are obliged under grave sin not to expose their children to the loss of salvation by undue delay of Baptism (see 2344,… Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmat…, Duties of Sponsors, nn. 2690 & 2691 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmat…, Duties of Adult Recipients, n. 2692 — Duties of Adult Recipients of Baptism or of Those Who Have the Use of Reason. Duties of Adult Recipients of Baptism or of Those Who Have the Use of Reason.—(a) Before Baptism.—An unbaptized person who has faith and who sees the necessity of Baptism, is gravely obliged to ask for Baptism at once, i… Read in context →

Vol. II, Pt. II, Q. IV, Art. 2. Baptism; Confirmat…, Duties of the Minister, n. 2693 — Duties of the Minister of Baptism. Duties of the Minister of Baptism.—(a) In Reference to the Parents.—If the parents insist on giving an unsuitable name to their child, the pastor should silently add a suitable name of some Saint chosen by himself, and s… Read in context →

Institutions of Moral Theology (Institutiones Theologiae Moralis)

Gennaro Bucceroni, S.J. — 26 passages

Vol. I, On Conscience, V. On Doubtful Conscience, nn. 145 & 148 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. I, On the Fifth Precept of th…, I. On the Killing of Oneself, n. 713 — You will resolve: It is wicked to throw oneself into a river, with certain danger of death, in order to baptize a child. For this would be directly to take life from oneself; namely because first one posits a means which… Read in context →

Vol. III, On Baptism, I. On the Nature, Effects, and Necessity of Baptism, nn. 389, 390, 391, 392, 393, 394 & 395 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, On Baptism, II. On the Matter and Form of Baptism, nn. 396, 401 & 412 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, On Baptism, III. On the Minister of Baptism, nn. 419, 431, 441 & 450 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, On Baptism, IV. On the Subject of Baptism, nn. 460, 464, 465 & 469 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, On Extreme Unction, On the Nature, Matter and Form, Minister and Subject of Extreme Unction, n. 867 — How are the anointings to be performed? - As regards validity, the part must be truly anointed; but to anoint is to smear with oil. Therefore if the oil is only dripped, there is no anointing; but whether one drop of oil… Read in context →

Vol. IV, On Marriage, II. On the Nature and Properties of Marriage, nn. 979 & 980 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. IV, On Censures, IV. On Interdict, n. 1137 — Therefore 1. Baptism is lawful, and can be given even solemnly; but not by one specially interdicted, outside the case of necessity. C. Non est 11, de Spons.; Sacred Consistorial Congregation, December 13, 1913; Schmalzg… Read in context →

Vol. IV, On Irregularity, n. 1321 — From bad reception of baptism he is irregular who in adult age is baptized by a declared heretic without any necessity; for he seems to communicate in his error. Chap. Ventum est 18, causa 1, q. 1; chap. Qui in qualibet … Read in context →

Moral Enchiridion, Comprising Select Decrees and Definitions of the Holy See, of Ecumenical Councils and of the Sacred Roman Congregations (Enchiridion Morale), Fourth Edition

Gennaro Bucceroni, S.J. — 15 passages

Bucceroni, Moral Enchiridion (4th ed., 1905), On Baptism, n. 389 (15 passages — hover a number to read it)

Compendium of Moral Theology of Fr. John Peter Gury, S.J., with the Notes of Antonio Ballerini, S.J.

Jean-Pierre Gury, S.J.; notes by Antonio Ballerini, S.J. — 7 passages

Vol. II, Treatise On Baptism, Ch. I, Properties, and Necessity of Baptism, nn. 234 & 235 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)

A Handbook of Moral Theology (Koch–Preuss)

Antony Koch; adapted and edited by Arthur Preuss — 2 passages

Vol. II, Pt. II, Ch. II, Section 3: Baptism and Confirmation, nn. ¶1 & ¶2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Theologia Moralis: Principles — Responses — Counsels

Arthur Vermeersch, S.J. — 2 passages

Vol. III, Bk. II, Treatise II: On Baptism, nn. ¶1 & 214 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Manuale Theologiae Moralis

Dominic M. Prümmer, O.P. — 12 passages

Vol. III, Pt. II, Tr. II, Ch. I, Institution, And Division Of Baptism, nn. 94, 95, 96 & 97 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, Pt. II, Tr. II, Chapter III. On The Effects Of Baptism, nn. 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112 & 113 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)

Institutiones Morales Alphonsianae

Clement Marc, C.SS.R. — 16 passages

Vol. II, Part Third: On the Sacrame…, Tr. II, Chapter I: On the Nature of Baptism, n. ¶1 — We must treat: 1. of the notion, efficacy, and necessity of Baptism; 2. of the matter and form by which it is constituted.Read in context →

Vol. II, Part Third: On the Sacrame…, Tr. II, Ch. I, Art. I, Efficacy, and Necessity of Baptism, nn. ¶1448, ¶1449, ¶1450, ¶1451 & ¶1452 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Part Third: On the Sacrame…, Tr. II, Ch. I, Art. II, § 1. On the Matter of Baptism, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶1453, ¶1454, ¶1455, ¶3, ¶1456 & ¶1457 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. II, Part Third: On the Sacrame…, Tr. II, Ch. I, Art. II, § 2. On the Form of Baptism, nn. ¶1458 & ¶1459 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Theologia Moralis Sancti Alphonsi: Reduced into a Compendium

Anthony Konings, C.SS.R. — 2 passages

Vol. II, TREATISE ON BAPTISM, Ch. I, PROPERTIES, AND NECESSITY OF BAPTISM, nn. ¶1249 & ¶1250 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)

Summa Theologiae Moralis

Benedict Henry Merkelbach, O.P. — 58 passages

Vol. III, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On Baptism, nn. 111, 112, 113 & 114 (21 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On Baptism, Question One: On the Sacra…, Article I: On the Institution of Baptism, nn. ¶1, 115, 116, 117 & 118 (14 passages — hover a number to read it)

Vol. III, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On Baptism, Question Two: On the Effects of Baptism, nn. ¶1, 130, 131 & 132 (23 passages — hover a number to read it)

Compendium of Moral Theology

Aloysius Sabetti, S.J., and Timothy Barrett, S.J.

Vol. II, Tr. XII, Ch. I, Properties, and Necessity of Baptism, n. 653 — Baptism is defined according to the Roman Catechism: the Sacrament of regeneration through water in the word; and it is the first sacrament of the new law, and most necessary, instituted by Christ for the spiritual regen… Read in context →

Christian Theology, Dogmatic and Moral, in Compendium

Daniele Concina, O.P. — 10 passages

Diss. II, Chapter I — The notion of Baptism, and its matter, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII & IX (9 passages — hover a number to read it)

Diss. II, Chapter II — On the form, and on the threefold Baptism, n. VII — VII. QUESTION V. Of how many kinds is Baptism? ANSWER. Threefold: of water, of the Spirit, and of blood. The Baptism of water is the sacrament hitherto explained. That of the Spirit is perfect contrition with the desire … Read in context →

The Catechism of the Council of Trent (The Roman Catechism)

Issued by order of Pope St. Pius V — 8 passages

Pt. II, The Sacrament of Baptism, nn. ¶35, ¶36, ¶37, ¶38, ¶39, ¶40, ¶41 & ¶42 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)

Back to Morality

Thomas Slater, S.J. — 6 passages

Chapter VII: Baptism Not a Human Invention, nn. ¶94, ¶95, ¶96, ¶97, ¶98 & ¶99 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)

The 1917 Code of Canon Law

Promulgated by Pope Benedict XV

Title I: Of Baptism, can. 737 — § 1. Baptism, the gate and foundation of the Sacraments, necessary for all for salvation in fact or at least in desire, is not validly conferred except through washing with true and natural water together with the prescr… Read in context →

Pastoral Questions

Benedict H. Merkelbach, O.P. — 21 passages (filed under the subtopics)

Merkelbach, Pastoral Questions, II. Questions Concerning E…, II. Embryological Question…, Question Six: Concerning Those to Be Rebaptized Under Condition, nn. ¶1059–¶1079 (21 passages)

Palladium Theologicum, Tome V: On the Virtues

Gaudentius Bontempi of Brescia, O.F.M. Cap. — 5 passages (filed under the subtopics)

Tr. V, Disputation I: On Fortitude, Q. III, Doubt II: Whether the baptism of infants can be supplied by martyrdom, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)