A Topic of Moral Theology
First Root of Restitution
Restitution owed because one holds another's property (res aliena): the possessor's obligations.
The works themselves ask 83 questions under this heading — see them together with their answers.
Within this topic
- Possession of Another's Property in Good Faith ▸ 1 subtopics
- Possession of Another's Property in Bad Faith ▸ 1 subtopics
- Possession of Property in Doubtful Faith ▸ 1 subtopics
- Possession of another's property without title
In the index as Restitution · Possessor of another's thing · Fruits · *Res naturaliter perit domino* · Fruits of a thing · Possessor · *Possessor bonae fidei* · *Res clamat domino* · *Res fructificat domino* · Cooperation in non-Catholic worship · Defraudation · Expenses · Injury of the neighbor justified · Possessor bonae fidei and the duty of restitution · Stolen goods · *Casum sentit dominus* · *Damnum emergens* · *Lucrum cessans* · *Nemo ex re aliena locupletari potest* · A possessor in good faith and the duty of restitution · Counterfeit money · Errors in changing money · Faith · GAMBLING with another’s counterfeit money
In the manuals
Read the manuals side by side → — each work's whole treatment in its own column
A Manual of Moral Theology for English-Speaking Countries
Vol. I, Bk. VI, Pt. VII, Div. III, Chapter II. First Root of Restitution, n. 1 — THE first root of restitution is the possession of another person’s property without any just title. 'This possession may hitherto have been in good faith without any suspicion that the property belonged to somebody else… Read in context →
Vol. I, Bk. VI, Pt. VII, Div. III, Ch. II, Section I. Possession of Another's Property in Good Faith, nn. 1, 2 & 3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. VI, Pt. VII, Div. III, Ch. II, Section II. Possession of Another's Property in Bad Faith, nn. 1 & 2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. VI, Pt. VII, Div. III, Ch. II, Section III. Possession of Property in Doubtful Faith, nn. 1, 2 & 3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Compendium of Moral Theology of Fr. John Peter Gury, S.J., with the Notes of Antonio Ballerini, S.J.
Vol. I, Treatise on Justice and Ri…, Third Part. On Restitution, Sect. I, Ch. I, Article I. On the Acceptance of Another's Thing, n. 634 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
A Handbook of Moral Theology (Koch–Preuss)
Vol. V, Pt. I, Ch. V, Sect. 10, A. Restitution in General, Article 1: The Duty of Restoring Property Belonging to Others, nn. ¶1–¶23 (23 passages)
Manuale Theologiae Moralis
Vol. II, Tr. XI, Sect. I, Q. III, Ch. IV, Art. II, § 1, Or On The Possession Of Another's Thing, n. 208 — 208. Notions. Someone can possess, or rather detain, another's thing in three ways: 1. in good faith; 2. in doubtful faith; 3. in bad faith. According to these modes and diverse conditions, diverse obligations of restitu… Read in context →
Summa Theologiae Moralis
Vol. II, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On the Cardinal …, Third Part: Concerning Com…, Section A: Concerning the …, Question Two: Concerning t…, Article II: On Detention of a Thing Received, nn. ¶1, 298, 299, 300 & 301 (42 passages — hover a number to read it)
The Casuist: A Collection of Cases in Moral and Pastoral Theology
Vol. I, Case VI: Defrauding an Insurance Company: a Case of Restitution, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8 & ¶9 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Case XV: Defraudation by a Bank Employee: a Case of Restitution, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6 & ¶7 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. II, Case XLII: Restitution, on Account of the Purchase of Stolen Goods, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5 & ¶6 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. III, Case LXI: Errors in Changing Money, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3 & ¶4 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. III, Case LXVII: Gambling with Another’s Counterfeit Money, and the Obligation of Restitution, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3 & ¶4 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. III, Case LXXV: A Possessor in Good Faith and the Duty of Restitution, nn. ¶1, ¶2 & ¶3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. V, Case XIV: The Wife and Children of a Thief, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9, ¶10 & ¶11 (11 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. V, Case XV: Restitution by Possessor in Good Faith, nn. ¶1–¶16 (16 passages)
Summa Summae S. Thomae (Billuart)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus III. On the Secunda …, On Right and Justice, On the Act of Commutative …, How restitution is to be made by a possessor in good faith, nn. 1–37 (37 passages)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus III. On the Secunda …, On Right and Justice, On the Act of Commutative …, Whether one who in good faith bought a stolen thing is bound, when he learns it is stolen, to give it back to the true owner?, nn. 1–21 (21 passages)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus III. On the Secunda …, On Right and Justice, On the Act of Commutative …, On the restitution to be made by a possessor in bad faith, nn. 1–73 (73 passages)
Questions of Moral Theology
Slater, Questions, The Theology of Stolen Goods, nn. ¶223–¶247, ¶249, ¶250, ¶251, ¶252, ¶253, ¶254, ¶255, ¶256, ¶257, ¶258, ¶259 & ¶260 (37 passages — hover a number to read it)
Cases of Conscience for English-Speaking Countries, Volume I
Slater, Cases I, Restitution, Case 8. Possession in Doubtful Faith, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8 & ¶9 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)
Institutiones Morales Alphonsianae
Vol. I, Pt. II, Sect. II, Tr. VII, Diss. III, OR ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, ARTICLE I: On the Unjust Possessor of Another's Thing, n. ¶1 — Another's thing can be possessed unjustly in a threefold way: 1. with good faith, in which case there arises the obligation of restoring from the first root only, that is, from the thing accepted; - 2. with bad faith, an… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. II, Sect. II, Tr. VII, Diss. III, OR ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, Art. I, § 1. ON THE POSSESSOR OF GOOD FAITH, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶935, ¶936, ¶937, ¶938 & ¶939 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. II, Sect. II, Tr. VII, Diss. III, OR ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, Art. I, § 2. ON THE POSSESSOR OF BAD FAITH, nn. ¶1, ¶940, ¶941, ¶942 & ¶943 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. II, Sect. II, Tr. VII, Diss. III, OR ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, Art. I, § 3. ON THE POSSESSOR OF DOUBTFUL FAITH, nn. ¶944, ¶1, ¶945, ¶2, ¶946 & ¶947 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Summa of Moral Theology (Summa Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. II, Part Second. On the Precep…, Book Sixth. On the Seventh…, Chapter Third. On the Repa…, Question First. On Restitu…, Article First. On the Possessor in Good Faith, nn. 437, 438, 439, 440, 441 & 442 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. II, Part Second. On the Precep…, Book Sixth. On the Seventh…, Chapter Third. On the Repa…, Question First. On Restitu…, Article Second. On the Possessor in Bad Faith, nn. 443, 444, 445, 446, 447, 448 & 449 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. II, Part Second. On the Precep…, Book Sixth. On the Seventh…, Chapter Third. On the Repa…, Question First. On Restitu…, Article Third. On the Possessor in Doubtful Faith, nn. 450, 451 & 452 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Institutions of Moral Theology (Institutiones Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. II, On the Seventh and Tenth P…, XXII. On Restitution from Another's Thing, nn. 1331–1355 (25 passages)
Manual of Moral Theology (Manuale Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. VII, Sect. I, Ch. I, Art. II, § I, Point II, IV. On Possession, n. 776 — II. Division of possession. Possession, not indeed by reason of itself but by reason of the mind with which it is possessed, is divided into possession of good, bad, and doubtful faith. 1. Good faith is had when the poss… Read in context →
Vol. I, Bk. II, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. VII, Sect. II, Ch. II, Art. II, § I, Point I. On the Possessor in Good Faith, nn. 983, 984 & 985 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. VII, Sect. II, Ch. II, Art. II, § I, Point II. On the Possessor in Bad Faith, nn. 986, 987, 988, 989 & 990 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Tr. II, Diss. I, Pt. VII, Sect. II, Ch. II, Art. II, § I, Point III. On the Possessor in Doubtful Faith, nn. 991 & 992 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Theologia Moralis Sancti Alphonsi: Reduced into a Compendium
Vol. I, TREATISE ON RIGHT AND JUST…, THIRD PART: ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, ARTICLE I: ON THE ACCEPTANCE OF ANOTHER'S THING, n. ¶721 — 721. General Principle. - The owner alone of the thing has per se the right of possessing it, nor does he lose dominion of the thing into whosever hands it may at last come. - It is said, per se; because any other posses… Read in context →
Vol. I, TREATISE ON RIGHT AND JUST…, THIRD PART: ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, Art. I, § I. On the Possessor of Good Faith, nn. ¶1, ¶722, ¶723, ¶724, ¶725, ¶726, ¶727, ¶728, ¶729, ¶730 & ¶731 (11 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, TREATISE ON RIGHT AND JUST…, THIRD PART: ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, Art. I, § II. On the Possessor of Bad Faith, nn. ¶1, ¶732, ¶733, ¶734, ¶735, ¶736, ¶737 & ¶738 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, TREATISE ON RIGHT AND JUST…, THIRD PART: ON RESTITUTION, Ch. II, Art. I, § III. On the Possessor of Doubtful Faith, nn. ¶1, ¶739, ¶740, ¶741, ¶742 & ¶743 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Compendium of Moral Theology
Vol. I, Tr. VIII, Pt. III, Sect. I, Ch. II, Article I. On the Acceptance of Another's Thing, n. 415 — Principle. Only the owner of a thing has dominion over it, wherever it may be found here and now. All laws establish this and reason confirms it; for to be the owner of some thing essentially involves the idea of disposing of it, a… Read in context →
Vol. I, Tr. VIII, Pt. III, Sect. I, Ch. II, Art. I, § I. On the Possessor of Good Faith, nn. 416, 417, 418, 418, Q. 2, 418, Q. 3, 418, Q. 4 & 418, Q. 5 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. VIII, Pt. III, Sect. I, Ch. II, Art. I, § II. On the Possessor of Bad Faith, nn. ¶1, 419, 420, 420, Q. 2, 420, Q. 3, 420, Q. 4 & 420, Q. 5 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. VIII, Pt. III, Sect. I, Ch. II, Art. I, § III. On the Possessor of Doubtful Faith, nn. ¶1, 421, 422, 422, Q. 2, 422, Q. 3 & 422, Q. 4 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Palladium Theologicum, Tome V: On the Virtues
Tr. I, Disputation XXIV: On Resti…, Q. V, Subquestion I: What is to …, Doubt I: Whether the goods of fortune are to be restored in the same way, nn. 1 & 2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Tr. I, Disputation XXVII: On Thef…, Question XII: On the restitution of thefts, nn. 1–25 (25 passages)
Christian Theology, Dogmatic and Moral, in Compendium
Diss. II, Chapter I — The notion of restitution, and the principles from which it proceeds. Tardy debtors and their confessors are admonished, nn. XV, XVII, XX & XXI (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Diss. II, Chapter II — On those who either hinder others from obtaining some good, or cooperate in the loss of others, n. XXXIX — XXXIX. If a possessor of good faith send a thing found by an honest man to its lord, and it perish, he is not liable to a new restitution. Since he is held neither from unjust acceptance nor from the thing received. But … Read in context →
Synopsis of Moral and Pastoral Theology
Vol. III, Contracts, and the Obligat…, On the Virtue of Justice (…, Part I — Chapter III: On Restitution, nn. 490–514 (25 passages)
Treated under the broader heading Restitution — McHugh–Callan, Moral Theology · Merkelbach, Pastoral Questions · The Roman Catechism · Spirago — these works do not divide the matter as finely as we do here, so their treatment stands one heading up (ed.)