A Topic of Moral Theology
Equiprobabilism
The system of St. Alphonsus and his school: where the opinions for the law and for liberty are about equally probable, the law does not bind; but an opinion for the law that is certainly more probable must be followed.
The works themselves ask 3 questions under this heading — see them together with their answers.
See also Probabiliorism — in The moral systems · The case for probabilism — in The Probable Conscience and Probabilism
In the index as Equiprobabilism · Equiprobabilism of St. Alphonsus (Aequiprobabilismus S. Alphonsi) · Moral system · Possession (Possessio) · Probabiliorism (Probabiliorismus) · Tutiorism · Doubt (Dubium) · Laxism (Laxismus) · Probability · Probabilism · Simple Probabilism (Probabilismus simplex) · Liberty · Mitigated Tutiorism (Tutiorismus mitigatus) · Rigorism (Rigorismus) · Alphonsus Liguori · Conscience · Equiprobabilism is historically set forth · Jansenists · Law · St. Alphonsus · *Probabilissima* · Alphonsus de’ Liguori, St. · Alphonsus, St. · Billuart
In the manuals
Read the manuals side by side → — each work's whole treatment in its own column
Summa of Moral Theology (Summa Theologiae Moralis)
Noldin, Summa of Moral Theology, On the Principles of Moral…, Book Fourth. On Conscience., Question Second. On the Mo…, Article Third. On the System of St. Alphonsus., n. 250 — 250. Historical notes. 1. Some equiprobabilists claim that St. Alphonsus is the inventor of a new system, which supplies the uniquely right norm of acting; but this system is equiprobabilism itself. But how absurd this a… Read in context →
Manual of Moral Theology (Manuale Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV, Point I, State of the Question, Diverse Systems, n. 225 — III. Diverse systems. Seven are enumerated, namely: absolute Tutiorism, mitigated Tutiorism, Probabiliorism, Equiprobabilism, Probabilism, Laxism, and the System of Compensation. Absolute Tutiorism states: It is not lici… Read in context →
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV, Point II, That Is, Equiprobabilism, n. ¶1 — Equiprobabilism consists of three propositions, of which the first is opposed to Probabiliorism, the later ones to Probabilism. Namely, against the Probabiliorists the Equiprobabilists teach: One who strictly doubts abou… Read in context →
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV, Point II, That Is, Equiprobabilism, Thesis I, nn. 226, 227 & 228 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV, Point II, That Is, Equiprobabilism, Thesis II, nn. 229, 230 & 231 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV, Point II, That Is, Equiprobabilism, Thesis III, n. 232 — One who forms the opinion, in other words, one who holds it as certainly more probable that a law exists, is held to observe it. It is proved: I. From ecclesiastical documents. These, indeed, seem to be of such a kind th… Read in context →
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV, Point II, That Is, Equiprobabilism, Thesis III. (Continued), nn. ¶1 & 233 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Moral Theology: A Complete Course (McHugh & Callan)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Equiprobabilism, nn. 688, 689, 690, 691, 692, 693, 694, 695, 696, 697, 698, 699 & 700 (13 passages — hover a number to read it)
Institutions of Moral Theology (Institutiones Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. I, Preliminary Notices, n. 2 — What have been the vicissitudes of Moral Theology? - There have been various vicissitudes of Moral Theology, both as regards its didactic development and as regards the development of the general rule of morals in doubtf… Read in context →
Vol. I, On Conscience, III. On Probable Conscience, nn. 112 & 119 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Commentaries on the Nature of Moral Theology, on Conscience and Probabilism, on the Fourth Precept, and on the Sixth and Ninth Precepts of the Decalogue (Commentarii)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, IV. Objections Against Probabilism, nn. 97, 98, 99, 103 & 108 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, V. On the Doctrine of St. Alphonsus Concerning Probabilism, nn. 114–138 (25 passages)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, VI. On Doubtful Conscience, n. 162 — 162. Since this question is held by equiprobabilists as a certain capital question, it will not be beside the point to linger somewhat over the doctrine of St. Alphonsus concerning it. - When the question has been propos… Read in context →
Synopsis of Moral and Pastoral Theology
Vol. II, Fundamental Moral Theology…, On Conscience, nn. 405, 406 & 407 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
A Handbook of Moral Theology (Koch–Preuss)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. IV, Section 3: Probabilism and Other Systems of Morals, nn. ¶1–¶31 (31 passages)
Institutiones Morales Alphonsianae
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Article II: On the Use of Probability, n. ¶79 — 79. The argument of great moment, whose treatment we undertake, can be stated in these words: How a certain dictate of conscience can be formed when, on account of diverse opinions, one of which stands for the law and th… Read in context →
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Art. II, § 1. On the Unlawful Use of Probability Where There Intervenes the Danger of Some Evil Absolutely to Be Avoided, nn. ¶80, ¶81, ¶82, ¶83 & ¶84 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Art. II, § 2. On the Lawful Use of Probability, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶85, ¶86, ¶87, ¶3, ¶4, ¶88, ¶89, ¶90, ¶5, ¶6, ¶91, ¶92, ¶93, ¶7, ¶94, ¶95, ¶8, ¶96, ¶97, ¶98, ¶9, ¶99, ¶10, ¶100, ¶101, ¶102, ¶11, ¶103, ¶12, ¶104, ¶105, ¶106, ¶107, ¶13, ¶14 & ¶108 (38 passages — hover a number to read it)
Manuale Theologiae Moralis
Vol. I, Pt. I, Tract IV. On Conscience, Ch. VI, Article I. On The Notion Of The Individual Systems, n. 341 — 341. 4. Equiprobabilism is contained in this proposition: "In the concurrence of opposed opinions equally or almost equally probable, it is licit to follow the opinion favoring liberty whenever the doubt is about the exi… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Tract IV. On Conscience, Ch. VI, Art. II, § 2. On Equiprobabilism, nn. 347 & 348 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Theologia Moralis Sancti Alphonsi: Reduced into a Compendium
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, Art. V, § I. Previous Notions, nn. ¶63, ¶64, ¶65, ¶66 & ¶67 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, Art. V, § II. Exposition of the System, nn. ¶68 & ¶69 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, Art. V, § III. Proof of the System, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶70, ¶3, ¶71, ¶72, ¶73, ¶4, ¶74, ¶75, ¶76, ¶5, ¶77, ¶78, ¶79, ¶80, ¶6, ¶81, ¶7, ¶82, ¶83, ¶84, ¶85, ¶86, ¶8, ¶87, ¶9, ¶88, ¶89, ¶90, ¶91, ¶92, ¶93, ¶94, ¶95, ¶10 & ¶96 (37 passages — hover a number to read it)
Summa Theologiae Moralis
Vol. II, Appendix. Excursus: On the Systems of Moralists concerning Solving Doubt of Conscience, nn. ¶1–¶45 (45 passages)
Compendium of Moral Theology
Vol. I, Tr. II, Ch. IV, Article II. On the Various Systems concerning Probability, n. 53 — Equiprobabilism holds that only then is it licit to follow the less safe part, namely the opinion favoring liberty, when the opinion which stands for the law is only equally or almost equally probable; but if this is cer… Read in context →
Vol. I, Tr. II, Ch. IV, Article V. On the System of Equiprobabilism, nn. 68, 69, 70 & 71 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Summa Summae S. Thomae (Billuart)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus II. On the Prima Sec…, On Human Acts, On the Probability and Cho…, Whether, in the conflict of two equally probable opinions on the objective honesty of an act, it is lawful to follow the less safe favoring liberty, leaving the safer favoring the law?, nn. 1–26 (26 passages)
Treated under the broader heading The moral systems — Slater, Manual of Moral Theology · Vermeersch, Theologia Moralis · Slater, Questions — these works do not divide the matter as finely as we do here, so their treatment stands one heading up (ed.)