§ V. On Aliens

844. • I. An alien (alien) is one who lacks the right of a citizen of the Federated States. But a citizen is one who either was born in the Federated States, or has furnished those things which are required by law so that he enjoy the right of a citizen (naturalization) (see Wells¹), and likewise his minor children residing here at that time.

II. Aliens are held as citizens:

1° As to those things which regard commerce (for commercial purposes); for "the place of domicile determines the character of a party as to trade." See Kent's Comment.²

2° As to contracts concerning movables.³

3° Within the five years which immediately precede their admission to the right of citizenship, as to necessary use of immovables.⁴

III. Aliens acquiring dominion of immovables are exposed to the danger that either they or their heirs may be deprived of them. Yet today laws everywhere dispose more mildly concerning them.⁵