§ VI. On raptus (Abduction)

499. Definition. - Raptus is committed in two ways: either by violently leading away a resisting woman from place to place for the sake of contracting Matrimony; - or by leading away a man or woman for the sake of fulfilling lust, from a safe place to one not safe, through force or grave fear inflicted either on the person carried off, or on those under whose power she is, that is, parents, or guardians, or husband.

Principles. - I. Raptus for the sake of Matrimony is not only a grave sin, but also induces a diriment impediment, and is punished in Canon Law with most grave penalties.

II. Raptus for the sake of lust (of which here there is question) is a grave sin, by which both chastity and justice are harmed. - 1° Chastity, on account of the fornication itself, or at least on account of the libidinous intention. 2° Justice, because force is inflicted either on the one carried off, or on those whose power she is under, or even on both.

Note. - If a woman sui juris (of age or emancipated) consents to one wishing to carry her off, and departs of her own accord, even without the knowledge of her parents, it is not properly raptus, but flight (elopement), which does not add a malice distinct in species from fornication.³

But importunate prayers also constitute raptus; likewise deceit and fraud. This, with respect to Matrimony, was decided by the Sacred Congregation of the Council on Aug. 27, 1864.⁴