Front matter — Marc, Institutiones Morales
Contents (as printed, Volume II)
THIRD PART
ON THE SACRAMENTS
TREATISE I
On the Sacraments in General
CHAPTER I. On the nature of the Sacraments (2)
ARTICLE I. On the notion and distinction of the Sacraments (1390)
ARTICLE II. On the force and efficacy of the Sacraments (4 · 1394)
§ 1. On the grace of the Sacraments (1395)
§ 2. On Character (7 · 1398)
ARTICLE III. On the constitution of a Sacrament, or on matter and form (1399)
1. As regards the conjunction of matter and form (9 · 1402)
2. As regards invariability (1403)
3. As regards certitude (11 · 1407)
CHAPTER II. On the Minister of the Sacraments (12 · 1409)
ARTICLE I. On the requisites in the Minister so that he may operate validly (1410)
ARTICLE II. On the requisites in the Minister so that he may operate lawfully (15)
§ 1. Let him be worthy and suitable. (1415)
§ 2. Let him act worthily and rightly. (18 · 1419)
§ 3. Let him confer the Sacraments on the worthy. (19 · 1423)
CHAPTER III. On the Subject of the Sacraments (24 · 1431)
ARTICLE I. On the requisites for valid reception of a Sacrament (1432)
ARTICLE II. On the requisites for lawful reception of a Sacrament (26 · 1436)
CHAPTER IV. On Sacramentals (29 · 1440)
§ 1. On the force and efficacy of Sacramentals (1441)
§ 2. On exorcisms and blessings (30 · 1443)
§ 3. On the sign of the cross and lustral water (32 · 1446)
TREATISE II
On Baptism
CHAPTER I. On the nature of Baptism (33 · 1447)
ARTICLE I. On the notion, efficacy, and necessity of Baptism (1448)
ARTICLE II. On the matter and form of Baptism (36 · 1453)
§ 1. On the matter of Baptism
I. On remote matter (36 · 1453)
II. On proximate matter (37 · 1456)
§ 2. On the form of Baptism (39 · 1458)
CHAPTER II. On the Minister of Baptism (41 · 1460)
CHAPTER III. On the Subject of Baptism (44 · 1465)
1. Infants in the womb of the mother (1466)
2. Abortive or monstrous fetuses (46 · 1469)
3. Children, against the will of parents (47 · 1471)
4. Adults (49 · 1474)
5. Those doubtfully baptized (50 · 1476)
CHAPTER IV. On the ceremonies of Baptism (52 · 1480)
I. On the place and time of Baptism (1481)
II. On Sponsors (53 · 1483)
III. On accessory rites (55 · 1487)
TREATISE III
On Confirmation
CHAPTER I. On the nature of Confirmation (59)
ARTICLE I. On the notion and effect of Confirmation (1491)
ARTICLE II. On the matter and form of Confirmation (60)
§ 1. On the matter (1493)
§ 2. On the form (62 · 1496)
CHAPTER II. On the Minister of Confirmation (63 · 1497)
CHAPTER III. On the Subject of Confirmation (64 · 1499)
CHAPTER IV. On the ceremonies of Confirmation (66 · 1502)
1. On the Sponsor (67 · 1503)
2. On the other ceremonies (68 · 1507)
TREATISE IV
On the Most Holy Eucharist
DISSERTATION I
On the Most Holy Eucharist as It Is a Sacrament
CHAPTER I. On the nature of the Eucharist (69 · 1508)
ARTICLE I. On the notion and effect of the Eucharist (70 · 1509)
ARTICLE II. On the matter and form of the Eucharist (74 · 1515)
§ 1. On the matter of the Eucharist
I. On remote matter in general (1516)
II. On the matter of bread (75 · 1519)
III. On the matter of wine (77 · 1522)
IV. On the conditions required for consecration on the part of the matter (79 · 1525)
§ 2. On the form of the Eucharist (83 · 1529)
CHAPTER II. On the Minister of the Eucharist (85)
ARTICLE I. On the requisite power of Order in the minister (85 · 1533)
ARTICLE II. On the jurisdiction required (87 · 1536)
ARTICLE III. On the order to be observed in the administration of the Eucharist (89)
§ 1. On the manner of administering Holy Communion in general (1539)
§ 2. On the order to be observed in administering sacred Viaticum (92 · 1543)
CHAPTER III. On the Subject of the Eucharist (95)
ARTICLE I. On those who can receive the Most Holy Eucharist (1545)
ARTICLE II. On the dispositions required for receiving the Most Holy Eucharist (96)
§ 1. On the dispositions required on the part of the soul (1547)
§ 2. On the dispositions required on the part of the body (103)
- Fasting
I. On the obligation of fasting (1556)
II. On the causes excusing from fasting (106 · 1559)
2. Cleanliness and decent habit (109 · 1561)
ARTICLE III. On the obligation of receiving the Eucharist (110 · 1563)
§ 1. On Viaticum (111 · 1565)
§ 2. On Paschal Communion (113 · 1568)
ARTICLE IV. On frequent Communion (118 · 1575)
CHAPTER IV. On preserving the Sacrament of the Most Holy Eucharist (123 · 1583)
DISSERTATION II
On the Most Holy Eucharist as It Is a Sacrifice
CHAPTER I. On the Sacrifice of the Most Holy Mass considered in itself (127 · 1585)
ARTICLE I. On the notion of the Sacrifice of the Mass (1586)
ARTICLE II. On the value and fruit of the Sacrifice of the Mass (130 · 1590)
ARTICLE III. On the application of the Sacrifice of the Mass (133 · 1596)
CHAPTER II. On the celebration of the Sacrifice of the Mass (138)
ARTICLE I. On the obligation of celebrating
§ 1. On the obligation of celebrating by reason of priesthood (1602)
§ 2. On the obligation of celebrating by reason of office (140 · 1604)
§ 3. On the obligation of celebrating by reason of stipend (143 · 1607)
I. On the lawfulness of the stipend (144 · 1608)
II. On the office of one accepting a stipend (146 · 1610)
A. On adventitious Masses (150 · 1615)
B. On founded Masses (151 · 1617)
III. On reduction and remission of Masses (154 · 1619)
ARTICLE II. On things to be observed in the celebration of Mass (155 · 1623)
§ 1. On the time and place of celebration
I. On the time of celebration
II. On the place of celebration (160 · 1627)
§ 2. On the requisites for the celebration of Mass (164 · 1630)
I. On the altar and its furnishings
II. On sacred vessels and their accessories (166 · 1631)
III. On sacred vestments (169 · 1633)
IV. On the minister serving (171 · 1635)
§ 3. On the observation of the rubrics (172 · 1636)
TREATISE V
On Penance
DISSERTATION I
On the Nature of the Sacrament of Penance
CHAPTER I. On the notion of Penance (180 · 1643)
ARTICLE I. On penance, as it is a virtue (1644)
SCHOLIUM. On the remission of venial sin (182 · 1648)
ARTICLE II. On Penance, as it is a Sacrament (184 · 1649)
CHAPTER II. On the matter and form of the Sacrament of Penance (186)
ARTICLE I. On the matter of this Sacrament (1654)
§ 1. On remote matter (1655)
§ 2. On proximate matter (189 · 1659)
ARTICLE II. On the form of the Sacrament of Penance (190 · 1661)
DISSERTATION II
On the Subject of the Sacrament of Penance
CHAPTER I. On Contrition (196 · 1665)
ARTICLE I. On the sorrow of the penitent
§ 1. On the contrition required in the Sacrament (197 · 1666)
§ 2. On perfect and imperfect contrition (201 · 1670)
ARTICLE II. On purpose (206 · 1679)
CHAPTER II. On Confession (209 · 1682)
ARTICLE I. On the necessity of confession (210 · 1683)
ARTICLE II. On the conditions of confession (213 · 1687)
§ 1. On the material integrity of confession (216 · 1691)
I. On aggravating circumstances (218 · 1693)
II. On doubtful sins (220 · 1695)
§ 2. On formal integrity (222 · 1697)
SCHOLIUM. On the manifestation of an accomplice (225 · 1701)
§ 3. On the manner of procuring integrity of confession (227 · 1703)
ARTICLE III. On the repetition of confession (229 · 1706)
§ 1. On invalid confession to be repeated
§ 2. On general confession (233 · 1710)
CHAPTER III. On Satisfaction (236 · 1714)
ARTICLE I. On the imposition of penance (237 · 1715)
ARTICLE II. On acceptance and fulfillment of penance (242 · 1721)
ARTICLE III. On satisfaction through Indulgences (246 · 1726)
§ 1. On Indulgences
§ 2. On Jubilee (255 · 1735)
I. Privileges of Jubilee (256 · 1736)
II. Conditions required for Jubilee (257 · 1737)
§ 3. On Indulgences to be gained in the article of death (262 · 1741)
§ 4. On the privileged Altar for the dead (264 · 1743)
DISSERTATION III
On the Minister of the Sacrament of Penance
CHAPTER I. On the power of the Minister (266 · 1744)
ARTICLE I. On approbation and jurisdiction (267 · 1745)
§ 1. On the nature and necessity of approbation (1746)
§ 2. On the nature and necessity of jurisdiction (270 · 1748)
ARTICLE II. On the acquisition and loss of jurisdiction (1749)
§ 1. On ordinary jurisdiction
§ 2. On delegated jurisdiction (272 · 1751)
§ 3. On jurisdiction supplied by the Church (274 · 1753)
ARTICLE III. On the limitation of jurisdiction as regards persons (278 · 1757)
§ 1. On the concession of jurisdiction with respect to Regulars (1758)
I. On a regular Confessor (1759)
II. On a Confessor of Regulars (281 · 1762)
§ 2. On the concession of jurisdiction with respect to Nuns (283 · 1764)
ARTICLE IV. On the limitation of jurisdiction as regards sins (285 · 1766)
§ 1. On reserved cases
I. On the power of reserving (1767)
II. On the conditions of reservation (286 · 1769)
III. On the distinction of reserved cases (289 · 1772)
IV. On absolution from reserved cases (291 · 1775)
§ 2. On the forbidden absolution of an accomplice (296 · 1780)
CHAPTER II. On the endowments of the Minister of Penance (299 · 1785)
ARTICLE I. On the knowledge of the confessor (300 · 1786)
ARTICLE II. On the prudence of the confessor (302 · 1788)
ARTICLE III. On the goodness or integrity of life of the confessor (305 · 1792)
§ 1. On the zeal and charity of the confessor (306 · 1793)
§ 2. On the crime of solicitation to be denounced (307 · 1794)
I. When the crime of solicitation is present (308 · 1795)
II. On the obligation of denouncing (311 · 1797)
III. Practical rules for the confessor (314 · 1799)
CHAPTER III. On the office of the confessor in receiving confession (316 · 1801)
ARTICLE I. On the obligations of the confessor in general (1802)
§ 1. On the obligation of hearing confessions
§ 2. On the obligation of questioning the penitent (318 · 1804)
§ 3. On the obligation of teaching and admonishing the penitent (322 · 1808)
§ 4. On the obligation of rightly disposing the penitent (325 · 1811)
§ 5. On the obligation of giving or denying absolution (327 · 1813)
ARTICLE II. On the varied obligation of the confessor toward various penitents (333)
§ 1. On the obligation of the confessor toward penitents diverse from the state of soul (1818)
I. On occasionaries (334 · 1819)
II. On the customary and recidivists (341 · 1826)
A. On the customary
B. On recidivists (342 · 1828)
III. On converts from heresy (346 · 1832)
IV. On the scrupulous (348 · 1835)
V. On persons vexed by a demon (351 · 1840)
VI. On pious penitents (352 · 1841)
VII. On persons who enjoy the gift of contemplation (353 · 1843)
§ 2. On the obligation of the confessor toward penitents diverse from external condition (358)
I. On children and adolescents (1848)
II. On the betrothed and spouses (360 · 1850)
III. On persons of distinguished condition (362 · 1853)
IV. On the sick and dying (1854)
CHAPTER IV. On the obligations of the Confessor after confession has been received (366)
ARTICLE I. On the obligation of correcting errors committed (1856)
ARTICLE II. On the obligation of preserving the sacramental seal (369 · 1860)
§ 1. Who are bound to the seal (370 · 1862)
§ 2. What things fall under the seal (372 · 1864)
§ 3. When the seal is not violated (373 · 1866)
§ 4. When the seal is violated (376 · 1868)
TREATISE VI
On Extreme Unction
CHAPTER I. On the nature of Extreme Unction (379 · 1870)
ARTICLE I. On the notion and effect of Extreme Unction (1871)
ARTICLE II. On the matter and form of Extreme Unction (381 · 1874)
§ 1. On the matter of Extreme Unction
§ 2. On the form of Extreme Unction (385 · 1877)
CHAPTER II. On the Minister of Extreme Unction (386 · 1878)
CHAPTER III. On the Subject of Extreme Unction (388 · 1881)
TREATISE VII
On the Sacrament of Order
CHAPTER I. On the nature of Order (393 · 1884)
ARTICLE I. On the notion of Order (1885)
ARTICLE II. On the effects of Order (396)
§ 1. On the effects of sacred Ordination (1889)
§ 2. On the power and offices of the individual Orders (397 · 1891)
ARTICLE III. On the matter and form of Order (400 · 1900)
CHAPTER II. On the Minister of Order (403)
ARTICLE I. On the requisites in the Minister, so that he may ordain validly (404 · 1904)
ARTICLE II. On the requisites in the Minister, so that he may ordain lawfully (405 · 1907)
CHAPTER III. On the Subject of Order (408 · 1911)
ARTICLE I. On the conditions which regard the soul of the one to be ordained (409 · 1912)
ARTICLE II. On the external conditions required in the one to be ordained (412 · 1917)
ARTICLE III. On those things which pertain to the manner of Ordination (416 · 1924)
CHAPTER IV. On the impediments of Order, or on Irregularities (420)
ARTICLE I. On Irregularities in general
§ 1. What irregularity is and of how many kinds (1927)
§ 2. What are the effects of irregularity (421 · 1928)
§ 3. How irregularity is incurred (422 · 1929)
§ 4. How irregularity ceases (424 · 1931)
ARTICLE II. On Irregularities in particular (425)
§ 1. On irregularities from defect (1933)
§ 2. On irregularities from delict (432 · 1941)
TREATISE VIII
On Matrimony
CHAPTER I. On the preparation for Matrimony, or on Betrothals (437 · 1949)
ARTICLE I. On the nature of betrothals (438 · 1950)
ARTICLE II. On the effects and obligation of betrothals (443 · 1952)
ARTICLE III. On the dissolution of betrothals (445 · 1956)
CHAPTER II. On the nature of Matrimony (451 · 1962)
ARTICLE I. On the notion of matrimony
ARTICLE II. On the matter, form, and minister of matrimony (457 · 1968)
ARTICLE III. On the properties of matrimony (462 · 1974)
§ 1. On the unity of matrimony (463 · 1975)
§ 2. On perpetuity (464 · 1978)
CHAPTER III. On matrimonial impediments (468 · 1983)
ARTICLE I. On prohibiting impediments (1984)
I. The Church's prohibition (469 · 1985)
On mixed marriages (1986)
II. Forbidden time (473 · 1989)
III. Betrothals (474 · 1990)
IV. Simple vow (1991)
ARTICLE II. On diriment impediments (476 · 1994)
§ 1. On diriment impediments on account of defect of valid consent (479)
I. Error (1999)
II. Condition (481 · 2001)
III. Force (2002)
IV. Abduction (483 · 2004)
§ 2. On diriment impediments on account of incapacity of those contracting (484 · 2006)
I. Age (2007)
II. Impotence (485 · 2008)
III. Solemn vow (487 · 2012)
IV. Sacred Order (488 · 2013)
V. Bond (489 · 2014)
VI. Relationship (490 · 2015)
- On natural relationship
Schema of Consanguinity (493 · 2020)
2. On spiritual relationship (495 · 2021)
3. On legal relationship (497 · 2023)
VII. Affinity (498 · 2027)
Schema of Affinity (500 · 2028)
VIII. Public honesty (503 · 2032)
IX. Crime (505 · 2035)
X. Disparity of Cult (508 · 2039)
§ 3. On the diriment impediment on account of defect of the prescribed form, or on Clandestinity (509 · 2040)
CHAPTER IV. On dispensation from diriment matrimonial impediments (2041)
ARTICLE I. On the power of dispensing (511 · 2042)
§ 1. What the Roman Pontiff can do
§ 2. What the Bishop can do (514 · 2045)
ARTICLE II. On the causes of legitimate dispensation (517 · 2049)
ARTICLE III. On the manner of obtaining dispensation (521 · 2051)
ARTICLE IV. On the manner of executing dispensation (524 · 2053)
CHAPTER V. On the celebration of Matrimony (528 · 2056)
ARTICLE I. On the proclamations to be premised before matrimony (2062)
- On the precept and form of proclamations
2. On dispensation from proclamations (532 · 2062)
3. On the revelation of impediments (534 · 2065)
ARTICLE II. On observing the Tridentine form (536)
1. On the necessity of the Tridentine form (2068)
2. On the requisites for the Tridentine form (541 · 2073)
3. On the rite of celebrating matrimony (546 · 2078)
CHAPTER VI. On the revalidation of invalid matrimony (549 · 2081)
ARTICLE I. On revalidating matrimony invalid on account of defect of true consent (551 · 2082)
ARTICLE II. On revalidating matrimony invalid on account of incapacity of the parties (552)
§ 1. On the revalidation of matrimony by new consent (553 · 2083)
§ 2. On the revalidation of matrimony by sanation in the root (554 · 2084)
ARTICLE III. On revalidating matrimony invalid on account of defect of the Tridentine form (556 · 2086)
SCHOLIUM. On civil matrimony (557 · 2089)
CHAPTER VII. On the rights and offices of spouses (559)
ARTICLE I. On the conjugal debt (2092)
§ 1. On the lawfulness of the conjugal act (560 · 2093)
I. On the requisites on the part of the persons (2094)
II. On the requisites on the part of the end (562 · 2098)
III. On the requisites on the part of other circumstances (563 · 2100)
§ 2. On the obligation of the conjugal act (566)
I. On the obligation either of rendering or of asking the debt (567 · 2103)
II. On the causes excusing from rendering the debt (568 · 2106)
§ 3. On the sins of spouses (570 · 2110)
I. On the sins of spouses generally
II. On onanism between spouses (574 · 2114)
ARTICLE II. On the cohabitation of spouses (579 · 2120)
§ 1. On the obligation of cohabiting
§ 2. On the legitimate separation of spouses (580 · 2122)
SCHOLIUM. On civil divorce (584 · 2126)
FOURTH PART
ON PARTICULAR PRECEPTS
TREATISE I
On the Religious State
CHAPTER I. On the nature of the religious State (590 · 2128)
- Notion of the religious State
2. Origin of the religious State (595 · 2131)
3. Distinction of the religious State (596 · 2133)
CHAPTER II. On entrance into Religion (598)
ARTICLE I. On those who can enter Religion (2137)
ARTICLE II. On those who are bound to enter Religion (601 · 2140)
ARTICLE III. On the Novitiate (604 · 2143)
ARTICLE IV. On religious Profession (607 · 2146)
CHAPTER III. On the obligations of Religious (610 · 2151)
ARTICLE I. On the obligation of tending to perfection (2152)
ARTICLE II. On the obligation of observing vows (611 · 2155)
§ 1. On the vow of Poverty
§ 2. On the vow of Chastity (619 · 2160)
I. On the enclosure of male Regulars (620 · 2161)
II. On the enclosure of Nuns (2162)
§ 3. On the vow of Obedience (623 · 2165)
ARTICLE III. On the obligation of observing the Rule (627 · 2169)
ARTICLE IV. On the obligation of stability (629 · 2171)
1. Apostasy and flight (630 · 2172)
2. Ejection or dismissal (2173)
3. Dispensation from vows (632 · 2176)
4. Transfer to another Order (633 · 2178)
5. Translation to the Episcopate (634 · 2179)
CHAPTER IV. On the Privileges of Regulars (635)
ARTICLE I. On the privileges of Regulars in general (2180)
ARTICLE II. On the privilege of Exemption (637 · 2184)
§ 1. What the exemption of Regulars comprehends (2185)
§ 2. What the exemption of Regulars does not comprehend (641 · 2189)
ARTICLE III. On the other privileges of Regulars (645 · 2191)
CHAPTER V. On Religious in the state of dispersion (646 · 2192)
SCHOLIUM. On the condition of nuns in France (648 · 2194)
TREATISE II
On the Clerical State
CHAPTER I. On the obligations of Clerics by reason of state (650 · 2195)
ARTICLE I. On those things which are prescribed to Clerics (2196)
§ 1. On sanctity of life (2196)
§ 2. On ecclesiastical Celibacy (652 · 2199)
§ 3. On Canonical Hours (654 · 2203)
I. On the obligation of reciting Canonical Hours (2204)
II. On the form and manner of reciting (658 · 2208)
III. On causes excusing from recitation (665 · 2218)
§ 4. On wearing habit and tonsure (667 · 2222)
ARTICLE II. On those things which are prohibited to Clerics (668 · 2224)
1. Secular arts and offices (669 · 2225)
2. Commerce (670 · 2227)
3. Hunting and carrying of arms (671 · 2229)
4. Entrance into taverns (672 · 2230)
5. Game of dice (2231)
6. Dances and comedies (673 · 2232)
7. Conversation with suspect women (2233)
SCHOLIUM. On the Prerogatives of Clerics (674 · 2234)
CHAPTER II. On the obligations of Clerics by reason of benefice (675)
ARTICLE I. On the notion of Benefices (2235)
ARTICLE II. On the obligations of those who confer benefices (677 · 2238)
ARTICLE III. On the obligations of Beneficiaries (682 · 2243)
§ 1. On the care and custody of goods of the Church (683 · 2244)
§ 2. On the legitimate use of fruits or revenues of the Church (2245)
CHAPTER III. On the obligations of Clerics by reason of office (686)
ARTICLE I. On the obligations of Bishops (2250)
SCHOLIUM. On the Vicar of the Bishop (691 · 2259)
ARTICLE II. On the obligations of Canons (692 · 2260)
ARTICLE III. On the obligations of Pastors (695 · 2265)
§ 1. On Residence (2266)
§ 2. On Preaching and Instruction (697 · 2269)
§ 3. On the administration of Sacraments (699 · 2271)
§ 4. On the obligation of praying for the people (700 · 2273)
§ 5. On the care of the sick and poor (2274)
§ 6. On correction of the Sheep (2276)
§ 7. On solicitude for promoting the good (701 · 2278)
SCHOLIUM. On Vicars and Vice-pastors (703 · 2280)
TREATISE III
On the Lay State
CHAPTER I. On the offices of those who preside over the Republic (704 · 2283)
ARTICLE I. On the offices of those in whose hands supreme power is (705 · 2284)
ARTICLE II. On the offices of those in whose hands legislative power is (706 · 2286)
ARTICLE III. On the offices of those in whose hands executive power is (708 · 2289)
CHAPTER II. On the offices of those who are occupied in the forum (710 · 2293)
ARTICLE I. On persons constituting judgment (711)
§ 1. On the Judge (712 · 2296)
§ 2. On the Plaintiff and Denouncer (717 · 2303)
- Notion of denunciation (718)
2. Obligation of denouncing (2305)
§ 3. On the Accused (720 · 2309)
ARTICLE II. On auxiliary persons in judgment (723)
§ 1. On auxiliaries of litigants
I. On Witnesses (2313)
II. On the Advocate and Procurator (725 · 2316)
§ 2. On auxiliaries of Judges (728 · 2323)
I. On referendaries and Counselors (2324)
II. On Scribes and Notaries (729 · 2325)
III. On apparitors and other ministers of judges (730 · 2328)
CHAPTER III. On the offices of Physicians and Pharmacists (731 · 2331)
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I. Various Faculties which the Holy See is accustomed to grant to Bishops or Confessors (735)
2. Little page of the Sacred Penitentiary which is customarily granted to Bishops of ITALY (736)
3. Little page of the Sacred Penitentiary which is communicated to some Confessors (739)
II. Explanation of the meaning of words in Responses of the Sacred Congregations (742)
III. Formulae for asking dispensations, etc. (743)
ADDENDA
Page 192 at end: Similarly invalid would be absolution given by telephone, because, although by expressed voice, nevertheless it would be directed to an absent person. - (Cf. what Dr. A. Eschbach excellently wrote on this matter, Nouvelle revue theologique, tom. XIX, p. 393).
LET IT BE REPRINTED
Fr. Raphael Pierotti, O.P., Master of the Sacred Apostolic Palace.
LET IT BE REPRINTED
Julius Lenti, Archbishop of Sidon, Vicegerent.