II. On Injuries By Words Outside Judgments

Preliminary note. Rightly and deservedly St. James called the tongue "a world of iniquity,"²⁸⁷ because very many iniquities and injustices are caused by the tongue. But we shall treat, as was already said above, art. 4: 1. of truthfulness; then of the vices opposed to it, namely, 2. of lying, where also there will be discussion of simulation, boasting, and irony, 3. of mental restriction, 4. of violation of a secret, 5. of wounding of honor, 6. of wounding of reputation, 7. of rash judgment. Thus we comprise all those things which other authors are accustomed to treat under the eighth precept of the Decalogue.

²⁸⁷ Jas. 3, 6.