A Topic of Moral Theology
Conscience
The dictate of practical reason judging a particular act right or wrong — the herald of God's law to each soul.
The works themselves ask 194 questions under this heading — see them together with their answers.
Within this topic
- The Certain Conscience ▸ 2 subtopics
- The Doubtful Conscience ▸ 3 subtopics
- The Probable Conscience and Probabilism ▸ 3 subtopics
- The Scrupulous Conscience ▸ 3 subtopics
- The Lax Conscience
- The nature and authority of conscience
- Kinds of conscience ▸ 1 subtopics
- Conscience Improperly So Called
- Synderesis
In the index as Conscience · Doubt · Probability · Probabilism · Equiprobabilism of St. Alphonsus (Aequiprobabilismus S. Alphonsi) · Opinion · Possession (Possessio) · St. Alphonsus · Certitude (Certitudo) · Tutiorism · Moral conscience · Probabiliorism · Reflex principles · Scruples · Systems · Law · Moral system · Laxism (Laxismus) · Sin · Presumption (Praesumptio) · Simple Probabilism (Probabilismus simplex) · Authority · Confessor · Lax conscience
In the manuals
Read the manuals side by side → — each work's whole treatment in its own column
Summa of Moral Theology (Summa Theologiae Moralis)
Noldin, Summa of Moral Theology, On the Principles of Moral…, Book Fourth. On Conscience., Question First. On the Nat…, Article First. On Conscience in General., nn. 206, 207, 208 & 209 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
A Manual of Moral Theology for English-Speaking Countries
Vol. I, Bk. II, Chapter I. The Notion of Conscience, nn. 1 & 2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Chapter II. The Certain Conscience, nn. 1, 2 & 3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Chapter III. The Doubtful Conscience, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Chapter IV. The Probable Conscience, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. II, Chapter V. The Scrupulous Conscience, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. III, Ch. X, Section V. Civil or Municipal Law, n. 2 — With regard, however, to such laws as it is within the competence of the State to make, conscience obliges us to pay loyal obedience to those which urge and apply the law of nature. Near relatives are bound to support th… Read in context →
Manual of Moral Theology (Manuale Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Chapter II. On Conscience, nn. ¶1 & 214 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § II, Division, and Directive Force of Conscience Properly So Called, nn. 216, 217, 218 & 219 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § III. On the Conscience Required for Acting Licitly, n. 220 — Proposition. For acting licitly, certainty strictly so called concerning the honesty of the action to be placed here and now is required. This is clear, first, from Sacred Scripture. "But he who discerns, if he eats, is … Read in context →
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. I, § IV. On the Comparison of the Required Conscience, nn. 221 & 222 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Bk. I, Tr. II, Diss. II, Pt. I, Sect. III, Ch. II, Art. II, § I. On Strict and Lax Conscience, n. 238 — I. He has a strict conscience who habitually, from a slighter reason, judges that something is a sin or a grave sin which involves no malice or only slight malice. One who labors under a strict conscience should strive t… Read in context →
Moral Theology: A Complete Course (McHugh & Callan)
Vol. I, Introduction, n. 2 — Hence, Moral Theology differs from various related sciences or habits. Thus: (a) it differs from Ethics, which is the science of human conduct as directed by reason to man’s natural end, for Moral Theology uses faith as … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Question IV. Conscience, n. 574 — In order that man many tend to his Last End, it is not sufficient that the way be pointed out in a general manner (as is done by the natural and positive laws), but these laws must be applied to each act in particular by… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 1. The Law of Conscie…, Definition, n. 575 — Definition. (Summa Theologica, I, q. 79, aa. 11-13.) Definition.—Conscience is an act of judgment on the part of the practical reason deciding by inference from general principles the moral goodness or malice of a particular act. (a… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 1. The Law of Conscie…, Division, nn. 576, 577, 578 & 579 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 1. The Law of Conscie…, Obligation of Conscience, nn. 580, 581, 582, 583, 584, 585, 586 & 587 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 1. The Law of Conscie…, Results of Conscience, nn. 588, 589 & 591 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, Introduction, n. 593 — (Summa Theologica, I-II, q. 19, aa. 5, 6.) As was explained in the previous article, conscience is not a proper guide unless it is good. In this article we shall speak of the good conscience and of its opposite the vario… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, Definitions, n. 594 — Definition. Definition.—The distinction of good and bad conscience is applied both to consequent and antecedent conscience (see 576). (a) The consequent conscience is good, and one is said to have a good conscience, if it testifies … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, Divisions, nn. 595 & 596 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, The Lax Conscience, nn. 598, 599, 600, 601, 602, 603, 604 & 605 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, The Scrupulous Conscience, nn. 607, 608, 609, 611 & 612 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, Scrupulosity, nn. 614, 615, 616, 617, 618, 619, 620, 621, 625, 626, 627, 628, 630 & 632 (14 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 2. A Good Conscience, Practical Conclusions, n. 638 — Signs of a Good Conscience. Signs of a Good Conscience.—(a) Extraordinary holiness is not necessary before one may consider one’s conscience good, for there are degrees of goodness. If, therefore, a person’s external life is directed by the duties … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Introduction, n. 640 — (Summa Theologica, I-II, q. 57, a. 5; II-II, q. 47, a. 9.) As was said above, only that conscience is a safe guide which is not only good—that is, in agreement, as far as one’s efforts can secure this, with the external … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Kinds of Certitude, n. 643 — Kinds of Certitude. Kinds of Certitude.—Judgments may be certain in a greater or less degree. (a) They are metaphysically certain, when error is absolutely impossible, the opposite of what is held by the mind being a contradiction in terms … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, An Uncertain Conscience, nn. 654 & 655 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Doubt and Suspicion, nn. 656, 657 & 658 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Opinion, nn. 662 & 668 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, The Moral Systems, n. 672 — The Moral Systems. The Moral Systems.—There are two general systems regarding reflex moral principles: (a) Tutiorism, which teaches that the only principle which can change uncertainty into certainty is: “When one is undecided between the … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Tutiorism, n. 676 — Tutiorism. Tutiorism.—This system has been condemned by the Church, and with good reason, for the following motives: (a) If by that which is safer, Tutiorism intends that which is better, it contradicts the Gospel, which distinguis… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Laxism, n. 680 — Laxism. Laxism.—The extreme opposite of Tutiorism is Laxism, whose principle is: “When one is undecided between the safer and the less safe, one may choose the less safe, if it is only slightly or uncertainly probable,” because … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Probabiliorism, n. 683 — Probabiliorism. Probabiliorism.—The arguments in favor of Probabiliorism are as follows: (a) extrinsic or from authority. This system is more ancient, and, when the controversy over systems began in the seventeenth century, this was the… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Equiprobabilism, n. 688 — Equiprobabilism. Equiprobabilism.—The doctrine of Equiprobabilism is a middle way between Probabiliorism and Probabilism. Thus: (a) it agrees with Probabiliorism in holding that it is not lawful to follow the less safe, if the safer is m… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Probabilism, n. 701 — Probabilism. Probabilism.—The meaning of Probabilism can be seen from a comparison with the opposite systems. (a) Unlike Probabiliorism and Equiprobabilism, Probabilism does not require a greater or equal probability, but permits one… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Compensationism, n. 731 — Compensationism. Compensationism.—Between 1850 and 1880 a number of theologians, feeling that there were serious difficulties against all the systems up to then considered, developed a reformed or restricted Probabilism, which would not … Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Q. IV, Art. 3. A Certain Conscience, Practical Conclusions, nn. 740 & 741 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Moral Enchiridion, and Supplement to the Compendium of Moral Theology of Gury-Ballerini (Enchiridion Morale)
Bucceroni, Moral Enchiridion, On Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶2 & ¶3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Moral Enchiridion, Comprising Select Decrees and Definitions of the Holy See, of Ecumenical Councils and of the Sacred Roman Congregations (Enchiridion Morale), Fourth Edition
Bucceroni, Moral Enchiridion (4th ed., 1905), On Conscience, nn. 100, 139, 114, 117, 118, 119, 126, 119, 122, 126 & 131, 136 (15 passages — hover a number to read it)
Commentaries on the Nature of Moral Theology, on Conscience and Probabilism, on the Fourth Precept, and on the Sixth and Ninth Precepts of the Decalogue (Commentarii)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, I. On the Nature of Conscience, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 & 11 (11 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, II. On Certain Conscience, nn. 12–32 (21 passages)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, III. On Probable Conscience and on Probabilism, nn. 33, 34, 35, 36–50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58–75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80 & 81 (55 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, IV. Objections Against Probabilism, nn. 82–102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112 & 113 (35 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, V. On the Doctrine of St. Alphonsus Concerning Probabilism, nn. 114–138 (25 passages)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, VI. On Doubtful Conscience, nn. 139, 140, 141, 142, 143, 144, 145, 146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169 & 170 (60 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bucceroni, Commentaries (1910), Second Commentary: On Cons…, VII. On Scrupulous Conscience, nn. 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177, 178, 179, 180, 181 & 182 (15 passages — hover a number to read it)
Institutions of Moral Theology (Institutiones Theologiae Moralis)
Vol. I, On Conscience, I. On the Nature of Conscience, nn. 95, 96, 97 & 98 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, On Conscience, II. On Certain Conscience, nn. 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109 & 110 (12 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, On Conscience, III. On Probable Conscience, nn. 111–130 (20 passages)
Vol. I, On Conscience, IV. On the Doctrine of S. Alphonsus Concerning Probabilism, nn. 131, 132, 133, 134, 135 & 136 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, On Conscience, V. On Doubtful Conscience, nn. 137–157 (21 passages)
Vol. I, On Conscience, VI. On Scrupulous Conscience, nn. 158, 159, 160, 161, 162, 163, 164 & 165 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)
Cases of Conscience, Proposed by Cardinal de Lugo, by Fr. Beniamino Elbel, by Fr. Ioannes Petrus Gury and by Other Authors, and Resolved (Casus conscientiae)
11. On Erroneous Conscience, n. 1 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
12. On Probable Conscience, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 (29 passages — hover a number to read it)
13. On Doubtful Conscience, n. 1 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
14. On Scrupulous Conscience, nn. 1, 2 & 3 (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Compendium of Moral Theology of Fr. John Peter Gury, S.J., with the Notes of Antonio Ballerini, S.J.
Vol. I, Treatise On Conscience, n. 36 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Synopsis of Moral and Pastoral Theology
Vol. II, Fundamental Moral Theology…, On Conscience, nn. 349–366, ¶1, 367, 368, 369, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 375, 376, 377, ¶2, 378–421, ¶3, 422, 423, 424, 425, 426, 427 & 428 (83 passages — hover a number to read it)
A Handbook of Moral Theology (Koch–Preuss)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. III, Section 1: The Existence of Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4 & ¶5 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. III, Section 2: The Nature of Conscience, nn. ¶1–¶15 (15 passages)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. III, Section 3: Requisites of a Normal Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9 & ¶10 (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. III, Section 4: A Scrupulous Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9 & ¶10 (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. IV, Section 1: Duty and its Motives, nn. ¶1–¶14, ¶16, ¶17 & ¶18 (17 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Morality, Its Subject, Norm, and Object, Ch. IV, Section 2: Conflict of Duties, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9, ¶10, ¶11, ¶12 & ¶13 (13 passages — hover a number to read it)
Institutiones Morales Alphonsianae
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Treatise I: On Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶11, ¶12, ¶13 & ¶14 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Chapter I: On True and Erroneous Conscience, nn. ¶15, ¶16, ¶17, ¶18, ¶19, ¶20, ¶21, ¶22, ¶1, ¶2, ¶23, ¶3, ¶24, ¶25, ¶26, ¶4, ¶27, ¶28, ¶5 & ¶29 (20 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Chapter II: On Certain and Doubtful Conscience, nn. ¶1 & ¶2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. II, Article I: On the Necessity of Certain Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶30, ¶31, ¶32, ¶33, ¶34, ¶35, ¶36, ¶37, ¶38, ¶39 & ¶40 (12 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. II, Article II: On the Manner of Laying Aside Doubtful Conscience by Reflex Principles, nn. ¶41, ¶42, ¶43, ¶1, ¶44, ¶45, ¶46, ¶2, ¶47, ¶3, ¶48, ¶49, ¶50, ¶4, ¶51, ¶52, ¶53, ¶54, ¶55 & ¶56 (20 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Chapter III: On Probable Conscience, nn. ¶1 & ¶57 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Article I: On the Nature of Probability, nn. ¶58, ¶59 & ¶60 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Art. I, § 1. On Opinions Considered in Themselves, nn. ¶61, ¶62, ¶63, ¶64, ¶65 & ¶66 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Art. I, § 2. On Opinions Taken Comparatively, nn. ¶67, ¶68, ¶1, ¶69, ¶70, ¶71, ¶72, ¶73, ¶2, ¶74, ¶75, ¶76, ¶77 & ¶78 (14 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Article II: On the Use of Probability, n. ¶79 — 79. The argument of great moment, whose treatment we undertake, can be stated in these words: How a certain dictate of conscience can be formed when, on account of diverse opinions, one of which stands for the law and th… Read in context →
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Art. II, § 1. On the Unlawful Use of Probability Where There Intervenes the Danger of Some Evil Absolutely to Be Avoided, nn. ¶80, ¶81, ¶82, ¶83 & ¶84 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Part First: On the First P…, Tr. I, Ch. III, Art. II, § 2. On the Lawful Use of Probability, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶85, ¶86, ¶87, ¶3, ¶4, ¶88, ¶89, ¶90, ¶5, ¶6, ¶91, ¶92, ¶93, ¶7, ¶94, ¶95, ¶8, ¶96, ¶97, ¶98, ¶9, ¶99, ¶10, ¶100, ¶101, ¶102, ¶11, ¶103, ¶12, ¶104, ¶105, ¶106, ¶107, ¶13, ¶14 & ¶108 (38 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Supplement: Dispositions o…, Pt. I, TRACTATE I: On Conscience, n. ¶1 — For solving doubts the canons 6 § 4, 15, 23 contribute. Cf. also canons 19, 50, 85, 1748 §§ 1-2.Read in context →
Manuale Theologiae Moralis
Vol. I, Pt. I, Tract IV. On Conscience, n. ¶47 — Cf. St. Thomas, S. theol. 1, 2, q. 19; Quaest. disput. de verit. q. 17; St. Alphonsus, Theol. mor. l. 1, tract. 1. The Holy Doctor rightly notes beforehand that this tract was worked out by him with special study; Brocar… Read in context →
Vol. I, Pt. I, Tract IV. On Conscience, Chapter VII. On the education of conscience, nn. ¶53, 353, 354 & 355 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Theologia Moralis Sancti Alphonsi: Reduced into a Compendium
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶32, ¶4 & ¶5 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. I, False, and Perplexed Conscience, nn. ¶33, ¶34, ¶35, ¶36 & ¶37 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, CHAPTER II: ON SCRUPULOUS AND LAX CONSCIENCE, nn. ¶38, ¶1, ¶39, ¶2, ¶40, ¶3, ¶41, ¶4, ¶42, ¶5, ¶43, ¶6, ¶44, ¶45 & ¶46 (15 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. III, ARTICLE I: ON CERTAIN CONSCIENCE, n. ¶47 — 47. Definition. - A certain conscience is that by which someone firmly and without fear of erring judges that something is good or evil. Now certainty, or the certain generically, is that which determines the mind to ass… Read in context →
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. III, ARTICLE II: ON DOUBTFUL CONSCIENCE, nn. ¶48, ¶49, ¶50 & ¶51 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, ARTICLE I: NOTION OF PROBABILITY, nn. ¶52, ¶53 & ¶54 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, ARTICLE II: RULES FOR JUDGING THE PROBABILITY OF OPINIONS, nn. ¶55, ¶56 & ¶57 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, ARTICLE III: MATTER TO WHICH THE CONTROVERSY CONCERNING THE LICIT USE OF PROBABLE OPINION DOES NOT EXTEND, nn. ¶58, ¶59 & ¶60 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, ARTICLE IV: VARIOUS SYSTEMS CONCERNING THE USE OF PROBABLE OPINION, nn. ¶61 & ¶62 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, Art. V, § I. Previous Notions, nn. ¶63, ¶64, ¶65, ¶66 & ¶67 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, Art. V, § II. Exposition of the System, nn. ¶68 & ¶69 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Treatise on Conscience, Ch. IV, AND ON THE EQUI-PROBABILIS…, Art. V, § III. Proof of the System, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶70, ¶3, ¶71, ¶72, ¶73, ¶4, ¶74, ¶75, ¶76, ¶5, ¶77, ¶78, ¶79, ¶80, ¶6, ¶81, ¶7, ¶82, ¶83, ¶84, ¶85, ¶86, ¶8, ¶87, ¶9, ¶88, ¶89, ¶90, ¶91, ¶92, ¶93, ¶94, ¶95, ¶10 & ¶96 (37 passages — hover a number to read it)
Summa Theologiae Moralis
Vol. I, General Moral Theology, Treatise: On Conscience in General, n. 198 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, General Moral Theology, Treatise: On Conscience in…, Second Question: On Conscience as It Is the Rule of Moral Acts, n. 205 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, General Moral Theology, Treatise: On Conscience in…, Third Question: On Christian Conscience as It Is the Rule of Supernatural Acts, nn. 216, 217, 218 & 219 (23 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. II, Special Moral Theology: On…, Treatise: On the Cardinal …, Second Part: On the Virtues Annexed to Prudence Considered in the Formation of Conscience, nn. 46, 47 & 48 (30 passages — hover a number to read it)
Compendium of Moral Theology
Vol. I, Treatise II. On Conscience, n. 29 — Conscience can be defined: a judgment concerning the honesty or dishonesty of an act to be placed here and now. It is called, 1st, a judgment, for conscience is not some special faculty, but the intellect itself insofar … Read in context →
Summa Summae S. Thomae (Billuart)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus II. On the Prima Sec…, On Human Acts, On Conscience, nn. 1 & 2 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus II. On the Prima Sec…, On Human Acts, On Conscience, Whether, and how, we are bound to conform to an erring conscience?, nn. 1–25 (25 passages)
Billuart, Summa Summae, Tomus II. On the Prima Sec…, On Human Acts, On Conscience, Of what species and gravity is the sin of acting against conscience?, nn. 1, 2, 3 & 4 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Cases of Conscience for English-Speaking Countries, Volume I
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 1. The Authority of Conscience, nn. ¶1–¶16 (16 passages)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 2. Probabilism Not Condemned, nn. ¶1–¶14 (14 passages)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 3. A New Method of Forming One's Conscience in Doubt, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9, ¶10, ¶11 & ¶12 (12 passages — hover a number to read it)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 4. An Erroneous Conscience, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9, ¶10, ¶11 & ¶12 (12 passages — hover a number to read it)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 5. A Debt Probably Paid, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8 & ¶9 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 6. A Conflict of Opinion, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8 & ¶9 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 7. An Abuse of Probabilism, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8, ¶9, ¶10 & ¶11 (11 passages — hover a number to read it)
Slater, Cases I, Conscience, Case 8. A Scrupulous Penitent, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4, ¶5, ¶6, ¶7, ¶8 & ¶9 (9 passages — hover a number to read it)
A Brief Text-Book of Moral Philosophy
Chapter III: Law the Rule of Human Acts, nn. 95, 96, 97, ¶174, 98, 99, ¶177, 100, ¶180, 101, 102, 103, ¶184, ¶185, ¶186, 104, ¶188, 105, ¶190 & 106 (20 passages — hover a number to read it)
Religion and Human Interests
Chapter V: Religion and Conscience, nn. ¶42 & ¶43 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Questions of Moral Theology
Slater, Questions, DR. McDONALD’S “PRINCIPLES OF MORAL SCIENCE”, nn. ¶653–¶673, ¶675–¶692 & ¶694–¶718 (64 passages)
Slater, Questions, Scruples, nn. ¶719, ¶720, ¶721, ¶722, ¶723, ¶724, ¶725, ¶726, ¶728, ¶729, ¶730, ¶731, ¶732, ¶733, ¶735, ¶736, ¶737, ¶738, ¶739, ¶740, ¶741, ¶742, ¶744, ¶745, ¶746, ¶747, ¶749 & ¶750 (28 passages — hover a number to read it)
Slater, Questions, A Forgotten Theologian and His Theory of Morals, nn. ¶898, ¶899, ¶900, ¶901, ¶902, ¶903, ¶904, ¶906, ¶907, ¶909, ¶910, ¶911, ¶912, ¶913, ¶914, ¶915, ¶916, ¶917, ¶919, ¶920, ¶922, ¶923, ¶925, ¶926, ¶927, ¶928, ¶930, ¶931, ¶932, ¶933 & ¶934 (31 passages — hover a number to read it)
Moral Philosophy: Ethics, Deontology and Natural Law
Pt. II, Ch. VIII, Section I. Of the Origin of Primary Moral Judgments, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 & 10 (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Pt. II, Ch. VIII, Section II. Of the invariability of Primary Moral Judgments, nn. 1, 2 & 3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Pt. II, Ch. VIII, Section IV. Of Probabilism, nn. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
The Casuist: A Collection of Cases in Moral and Pastoral Theology
Vol. I, Case XI: Hysterical Scrupulousness of a Nun, nn. ¶1–¶16 (16 passages)
Vol. II, Case LXV: Application of Probabilism, nn. ¶1–¶15 (15 passages)
Vol. IV, Case LXVII: Scrupulosity, nn. ¶1, ¶2, ¶3, ¶4 & ¶5 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. V, Case LX: Feigning Scrupulousness in Confession, nn. ¶1, ¶2 & ¶3 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Theologia Moralis: Principles — Responses — Counsels
Vol. I, Treatise IV: On Conscience, nn. ¶1, 338, 339, 340, 341 & 342 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Title I: On Actual Conscience, n. ¶1 — Usefulness. - This whole title is most necessary in moral theology, since it explains the proximate rule upon which every moral judgment must rest.Read in context →
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Chapter I: On the Force of Certain Conscience, nn. 343, 344 & 345 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Chapter II: On the Force of Practically Doubtful Conscience, nn. 346, 347, 348, 349 & 350 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Chapter III: On Speculatively Doubtful Conscience, n. ¶1 — Order of speaking. In order that we may procure for ourselves a distinct knowledge of a matter which, both on account of many applications and on account of controversies, has become sufficiently encumbered and confused,… Read in context →
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Ch. III, Art. I, § 1. Notions, nn. 351, 352, 353, 354 & 355 (5 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Ch. III, Article II: Various Opinions or Moral Systems, nn. 356 & 357 (2 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Ch. III, Art. II, § 3. The True Moral System Is Established, nn. 358, 359, 360, 361, 362, 363 & 364 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Ch. III, Art. II, § 4. On the Use of Probabilism, nn. 365, 366 & 367 (3 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Ch. III, Art. II, § 5. On the Probability of Fact, nn. 368, 369, 370 & 371 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Ch. III, Article II: On Negatively Doubtful Conscience, nn. 372, 373, 374 & 375 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Title II: On Habitual Conscience, n. ¶1 — The usefulness of this title is very great for the direction of souls or the pastoral ministry.Read in context →
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Tit. II, Article I: On Right and Tender Conscience, nn. 376, 377, 378 & 379 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Tit. II, Article II: On Scrupulous Conscience, nn. 380, 381, 382, 383, 384, 385 & 386 (7 passages — hover a number to read it)
Vol. I, Tr. IV, Tit. II, Article III: On Lax Conscience, nn. 387, 388, 389 & 390 (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
The True Spouse of Jesus Christ
Chapter XVIII: The Frequentation of the Sacraments, nn. ¶2394, ¶2395, ¶2399, ¶2401, ¶2408 & ¶2409 (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Pastoral Questions
Ch. III, Question IV: Concerning the Scrupulous, nn. ¶2814–¶2885 (72 passages)
Ch. III, Question V: Concerning the Lax, nn. ¶2886–¶2932 (47 passages)
Apology for the Doctrine of the Jesuits
Daniel, Apology for the Jesuits, Apology for the Doctrine of the Jesuits, nn. ¶6–¶26 (21 passages)
Daniel, Apology for the Jesuits, Conduct Observed by the Jesuits in Matters of Moral Doctrine, nn. ¶27–¶46 (20 passages)
Daniel, Apology for the Jesuits, Sentiments of the Fathers of the Society of Jesus on the Doctrine of Probability, nn. ¶100–¶156 (57 passages)
Christian Theology, Dogmatic and Moral, Volume III: On the Decalogue
Diss. II, One Extorted by Fear or Er…, Chapter IV — On the doubtful vow. When the one vowing, in doubt, must fulfill it, nn. I–XXII (22 passages)
Diss. I, Chapter IX — What truth is required in an assertory oath. The defect of even the smallest truth in this oath is a mortal sin. Some little questions concerning perjury are resolved, n. VIII — VIII. It is true, however, that the adversaries too admit that moral certainty is necessary; but in this they fail, that they teach that this moral certainty can be had by merely verisimilar conjectures, and merely proba… Read in context →
Christian Theology, Dogmatic and Moral, in Compendium
Bk. II, Diss. I, Chapter I — On Conscience, and its division, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX & X (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. I, Chapter II — On the obligation by which Confessors are bound to enlighten penitents laboring under an invincibly erroneous conscience. Lax opinions are refuted, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X & XI (11 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. I, Chapter III — Works performed from an invincibly erroneous conscience, though they lack formal malice, are nevertheless endowed with no goodness or merit, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI & XII (12 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. I, Chapter IV — On the doubting Conscience, nn. I, II, III, IV, V & VI (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. I, Chapter V — The two rules are expounded: In doubts the safer part is to be chosen; In doubts the condition of the possessor is the better; and what diligence is required for laying aside a doubt, nn. I, II, III & IV (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. I, Chapter VI — On the Scrupulous Conscience, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX & X (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Dissertation II — On Probabilism, and its consequences, n. ¶1 — Probabilism runs through the whole of Theology. It is a leaven which infects the whole mass of doctrine. Whether it corrupts that mass, or renders it more useful to souls, is called into dispute. To my weakness it appear… Read in context →
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter I — Opinions condemned by the Holy See in the controversy of Probabilism, n. I — I. In this whole work I shall first of all recall before the readers' eyes the theses condemned by the Church, that they may be able in advance to guard themselves from the danger of erring. The following, in the controv… Read in context →
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter II — What, and of how many kinds, is the probable, the more probable, the safe, and the safer opinion. The genuine sense of the question is proposed, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII & IX (9 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter III — By an evident and ineluctable argument it is proved that the doctrine of the licit use of the less probable opinion in view of the more probable is false and antievangelical, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII & XIII (13 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter IV — By the authority of the Supreme Pontiff Alexander VII it is proved that the probabilistic system wars against the evangelical Law, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII & ¶1 (8 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Ch. V, Supreme Pontiff, Probabilism is proved to stand condemned, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX & X (10 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter VI — By other weights of reasons Probabilism is overthrown, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII & VIII (8 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter VII — The paradoxes of the Probabilists are weighed, nn. I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI & XII (12 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter VIII — Most grave absurdities which necessarily follow upon Probabilism, nn. I–XXI (21 passages)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter IX — By the authority of the Theologians Probabilism is condemned, nn. I–XIX (19 passages)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter X — It is licit to embrace an opinion evidently more probable for liberty, the less probable and safer opinion for the law being left aside, nn. I, II, III & IV (4 passages — hover a number to read it)
Bk. II, Diss. II, Chapter XI — An exhortation to Confessors, nn. I, II, III, IV, V & VI (6 passages — hover a number to read it)
Diss. III, Chapter IV — On the contract of selling and buying. On those who can sell and buy. What things are vendible, n. XVI — XVI. Would you have things better? Probabilism teaches that it is free to select either of two probable opinions. When two contradictory probable opinions occur, a judge can pass sentence according to that which shall ha… Read in context →
Diss. I, Chapter II — The axioms of certain casuists, which are as it were theological loci, or fountains, whence they draw their conclusions and resolutions, nn. ¶1–¶25 (25 passages)