Causa V

GRATIAN. A written accusation is secretly composed to the infamy of a certain bishop; at length the accuser comes forth in public. The bishop, after being summoned once by letters and being unable to be present for his case on the appointed day, represented himself before the judge through a procurator. He is condemned without a synodal hearing. Finally, when the judgment has been renewed through an appeal, the bishop complains of the accuser's enmity; at length the accuser fails in his proof. (Qu. I.) First it is asked by what penalty one who secretly writes a defamatory libel and neglects to prove what he committed to writing is to be struck. (Qu. II.) Second, how many times he is to be summoned to the case before he receives a sentence of condemnation. (Qu. III.) Third, whether one who cannot be present for his case personally is able to conduct his case through a procurator. (Qu. IV.) Fourth, whether he is to be condemned without a synodal hearing. (Qu. V.) Fifth, whether anyone is to be regarded as an enemy for this reason, that he reports another person's crime. (Qu. VI.) Sixth, by what penalty one who is unable to prove what he alleged is to be punished.