Disputation — Bontempi, Palladium Theologicum V · from Schola Thomistica
Disputation VIII: On Exchange
CAMBIRE means the same as to change; yet not every change of some thing is called Cambium; as if you were to change a horse for clothes, you would not be said to cambire except broadly: But this contract is most usual among Merchants, and Changers, inhabitants of different cities; and is most apt for carrying money hence and thence: yet its bond binds principally the Campsor and Campsarius, of whom below. It differs indeed from sale, because the latter claims money for a thing of another species; it differs also from a loan, because that is made in things of diverse nature, as in wheat, wine, and the like; but Cambium demands money for money, as will appear from its definition below.
CAMBIRE idem sonat ac mutare; non tamen omnis rei alicuius mutatio Cambium dicitur; ut si equum pro vestibus mutares, non nisi late cambires: Hic autem contractus usitatissimus est inter Mercatores, et Campores, diversarum civitatum incolas; et divehendis hinc inde nummis aptissimus: huius tamen vinculum ligat praecipue Campsorem, et Campsarium, de quibus infra. Differt quidem a venditione, quia haec pro re alterius speciei pecuniam sibi vindicat; differt etiam a mutuo, quia hoc fit in rebus diversae naturae, ut in tritico, vino, et similibus; Cambium vero pecuniam pro pecunia postulat, ut ex eius definitione infra patebit.
Within this disputation
- Question I: What exchange is, and of how many kinds
- Question II: Whether in petty exchange it is lawful to take something above the value of the coin fixed by law
- Question III: Whether in local exchange, that is, by letters, when the banker receives first in order to repay elsewhere, he may make some gain
- Question IV: Whether exchange is lawful when the banker's agent answers for the banker with the banker's own money
- Question V: Whether so-called re-exchanges are lawful only on account of ceasing profit or emerging loss
- Question VI: Whether the payments and commissions that bankers receive are lawful