Disputation — Bontempi, Palladium Theologicum V · from Schola Thomistica
Last Disputation: On the State of the Active and the Contemplative Life
Notorious is this division into the Active and Contemplative life, long prefigured in the two wives of Jacob, Rachel and Lia; long fulfilled in the nightly watches of Christ the Savior and his daytime labors; commended also in the busy cares of Martha and the repose of Mary; and likewise marked in the solicitude of Peter and the solitude of John; as I shall draw out more fittingly below in the proofs, intending afterward to speak of the comparison of one to the other, and also of the excellence of each, whether taken separately or jointly. But after the Active life alone, or the Contemplative, (as each is called a state, or a certain excellence over the other) had long been exercised in the Church, there emerged at last the Mixed life, not only most useful and profitable to the Church, but in itself, because of the concord struck between Martha and Mary, most illustrious. But near the end we shall consider the principal acts of the Active life, and likewise the grades of the Contemplative.
Notissima est haec divisio in vitam Activam, et Contemplativam, dudum praefigurata in duabus uxoribus Iacob, Rachel, et Lia; diu impleta in nocturnis Salvatoris Christi vigiliis, et diurnis ipsius laboribus; commendata est etiam in Marthae negotiis, et Mariae otiis; nec non signata in Petri sollicitudine, et Ioannis solitudine; ut infra in probationibus aptius deducam, dicturus postea de comparatione unius ad alteram, uti et de praestantia cuiusque, sive seorsim, sive coniunctim: Postquam autem diu in Ecclesia Vita, vel sola Activa, vel Contemplativa, (prout singula dicit statum, seu quemdam super alteram excessum) fuerit actitata; emersit tandem vita Mixta, non solum Ecclesiae valde utilis, et proficua; sed in se, propter initam cum Maria Marthae concordiam, multum conspicua: Prope vero finem praecipuos Activae actus, sicut et Contemplativae gradus contemplabimur.
Within this disputation
- Question I: Whether the division of life into active and contemplative is sufficient
- Question II: Which state is more excellent: the state of the active life, or of the contemplative
- Question III: Whether there is a mixed life resulting from the active and the contemplative, and which of them is more excellent
- Question V: On the chief act of the contemplative life, and how this act differs from cogitation, meditation, speculation, and intuitive vision
- Question VI: Whether contemplation has certain degrees of its perfection, how many, and which