Disputation — Bontempi, Palladium Theologicum V · from Schola Thomistica
Disputation VI: On Tithes
THE distinction between Sacrifice and Oblation is that of genus and species; for every Sacrifice is an oblation, but not the reverse. Among oblations the chief are First-fruits and Tithes; formerly both were paid by force of the ceremonial law, at least in respect of some determination; but now they are usually paid for the sustenance of the Church's ministers, or in recognition of natural gratitude.
A Sacrificii, et Oblationis est distinctio, qualis est generis, et speciei; omne enim Sacrificium oblatio est, non e contra. Inter oblationes autem praecipuae occurrunt Primitiae, et Decimae; olim solvebantur ambae vi legis caeremonialis, saltem quoad aliquotam determinationem; nunc vero in Ecclesiae ministrorum sustentationem, aut naturalis gratitudinis recognitionem solvi solent.
On First-fruits nothing special remains to be explained beyond what has already been said; for although various chapters of Law, and likewise the Fathers and councils, intimate for them an obligation equal to that of Tithes, as in Suarez, cited in the place above, yet in various places they have fallen into disuse, either on account of the perversity of Heretics, or because the Ministers of the Churches are sufficiently sustained by Tithes and other means. Wherefore I shall here subjoin only a few things about Tithes. It should be noted, moreover, that Tithes take their name from the number ten, which among all numbers is the most perfect, as I shall show below; whence those offering this perfect number to God retain the imperfect for ourselves, arguing as it were that every perfect thing is to be rendered back to God; from which head D. Paul was inferring the greatness of Melchisedech, who prefigured Christ for us: consider (he says) how great this one is, to whom even Abraham the Patriarch gave tithes out of the chief things.
De Primitiis nihil speciale restat explicandum praeter iam dicta; nam licet de his varia Iuris capitula, Patres quoque, et concilia parem cum Decimis obligationem innuant, apud Suarez loco supra citato, in desuetudinem tamen variis in locis abiere, vel propter Haereticorum pravitatem, seu quod Ecclesiarum Ministri sufficienter Decimis, aliisque modis sustententur. Quare hic pauca de Decimis tantum subiungam. Notandum autem Decimas a numero denario sumi, qui inter omnes numeros perfectissimus est, ut infra ostendam; unde hunc perfectum numerum Deo offerrentes, imperfectum nobis retinemus, arguentes quippe omne perfectum in Deum refundendum; ex quo capite inferebat D. Paulus magnitudinem Melchisedech, praefigurantis nobis Christum: intuemini (ait) quantus sit hic, cui et decimas dedit de praecipuis Abraham Patriarcha.