Question II: Whether in petty exchange it is lawful to take something above the value of the coin fixed by law

This Cambium is very USEFUL to the Republic, and because men often need lesser moneys for contracts, or need to transfer moneys to remote places, and indeed to exchange lesser and inferior ones restored into greater.

But there are MANY causes for which in this Cambium it is licit to receive profit.

The FIRST is by reason of the office of Changing, on which the burden lies of gathering moneys from different Principalities, that he may distribute them; to hire the shop; to count at the customs-house, etc. Which is understood not only in a public, but also in a private Campsor, as Molina teaches disput. 399. Bassaeus V. Cambium, num. 4. and others at his side.

The SECOND is lucrum cessans, which the Campsor would otherwise have received. See Bassaeus num. 5.

The THIRD by reason of the purity of the material, as one changing coins of gold of Ophir, with copper ones.

The FOURTH by reason of the commodity for transporting, as double crowns, or Zechini, which are valued more than little coins.

YOU WILL SAY. The Prince in these coins, having regard also to the metal, etc. set the tax e. g. that Zechini be worth two ounces of silver coin, and as much as 200. dipondii. Therefore it is not licit to receive anything beyond these.

IT IS ANSWERED, this was taxed by the Prince as he is the measure of vendible things, but not according to the conditions and circumstances adduced above. See elsewhere in Casas disp. 6. sect. 1. For these are to be estimated by the Campsor, as D. Bonavent. notes quaest. 4. to be allegatus. But the profit ought to be moderate, and less in a private Campsor, as Bassaeus says. Bassaeus notes num. 8. that it is to be estimated by the judgment of the upright, warning that falsities in the coin, in the value, etc. be warded off.